Opinion
February 4, 1994
Appeal from the Monroe County Court, Maloy, J.
Present — Pine, J.P., Fallon, Doerr, Davis and Boehm, JJ.
Judgment unanimously reversed on the law and new trial granted. Memorandum: Defendant's conviction of sexual abuse in the first degree is supported by legally sufficient evidence (People v Bleakley, 69 N.Y.2d 490, 495). Contrary to defendant's contention, the unsigned statement defendant gave to police officers and the unsworn testimony of the infant victim were sufficiently corroborated by the testimony of other witnesses present when the sexual contact occurred (see, People v. Groff, 71 N.Y.2d 101, 109-110; People v. Van Der Sluys, 151 A.D.2d 983, lv denied 74 N.Y.2d 853). Further, we reject the contention of defendant that the suppression court erred in denying his motion to suppress the unsigned statement that he gave to the police officers. The officers were not required to advise defendant of his Miranda rights a second time before they began questioning him regarding the allegations of sexual abuse (see, People v. Hall, 152 A.D.2d 948, lv denied 74 N.Y.2d 847). The record establishes that, after he was read his Miranda rights, defendant knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily waived those rights and agreed to speak to the officers.
Defendant failed to preserve for our review his contentions regarding the court's instructions to the jury on corroboration and the alleged prosecutorial misconduct during summation and we decline to review those issues in the interest of justice (see, CPL 470.15). Furthermore, by failing to move to dismiss the indictment, defendant has not preserved for our review his contention that the evidence before the Grand Jury was legally insufficient. In any event, the sufficiency of the evidence before the Grand Jury is not reviewable on appeal from a conviction based on legally sufficient trial evidence (see, CPL 210.30; People v. Keller, 194 A.D.2d 877; People v. Wingelo, 152 A.D.2d 1001, 1002, lv denied 74 N.Y.2d 854; People v. Ali, 147 A.D.2d 847, 848).
Reversal is required, however, because a reconstruction hearing disclosed that defendant was not present in chambers during a Sandoval conference. Defendant's absence from that conference deprived him of his right to be present at all material stages of the proceedings against him (see, People v. Dokes, 79 N.Y.2d 656, 662; see also, People v. Cruz, 81 N.Y.2d 738; People v. Gebrosky, 80 N.Y.2d 995; People v. Hall, 201 A.D.2d 891 [decided herewith]). Moreover, the record does not establish that defendant's presence at that conference would have been "superfluous" (People v Odiat, 82 N.Y.2d 872, 874; see, People v. Favor, 82 N.Y.2d 254; People v. Beasley, 80 N.Y.2d 981, rearg denied 81 N.Y.2d 759; People v. Dokes, supra, at 662).