Opinion
12-21-2016
Seymour W. James, Jr., New York, NY (Amy Donner of counsel), for appellant, and appellant pro se. Eric Gonzalez, Acting District Attorney, Brooklyn, NY (Leonard Joblove and Camille O'Hara Gillespie of counsel), for respondent.
Seymour W. James, Jr., New York, NY (Amy Donner of counsel), for appellant, and appellant pro se.
Eric Gonzalez, Acting District Attorney, Brooklyn, NY (Leonard Joblove and Camille O'Hara Gillespie of counsel), for respondent.
MARK C. DILLON, J.P., JOHN M. LEVENTHAL, JEFFREY A. COHEN, and ROBERT J. MILLER, JJ.
Appeal by the defendant from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Guzman, J.), rendered August 19, 2010, convicting him of manslaughter in the first degree, upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence. The appeal brings up for review the denial, after a hearing, of that branch of the defendant's omnibus motion which was to suppress identification testimony.ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed.
The Supreme Court properly denied that branch of the defendant's omnibus motion which was to suppress identification testimony. The photos in the photo array depicted people who were sufficiently similar to the defendant in appearance so that there was little likelihood that the defendant would be singled out for identification based on particular characteristics (see People v. Lago, 60 A.D.3d 784, 785, 875 N.Y.S.2d 178 ; People v. Ragunauth, 24 A.D.3d 472, 805 N.Y.S.2d 654 ; People v. Galletti, 239 A.D.2d 598, 658 N.Y.S.2d 80 ). There is no requirement that a defendant in a lineup be surrounded by individuals nearly identical in appearance (see People v. Chipp, 75 N.Y.2d 327, 336, 553 N.Y.S.2d 72, 552 N.E.2d 608 ; People v. Ragunauth, 24 A.D.3d at 473, 805 N.Y.S.2d 654, People v. Granger, 18 A.D.3d 774, 794 N.Y.S.2d 914 ; People v. Green, 14 A.D.3d 578, 789 N.Y.S.2d 184 ). The alleged variations in appearance between the defendant and fillers in the lineup were not so substantial as to render the procedure impermissibly suggestive (see People v. Granger, 18 A.D.3d 774, 794 N.Y.S.2d 914 ; People v. Green, 14 A.D.3d 578, 789 N.Y.S.2d 184 ).
The Supreme Court correctly denied the defendant's request to charge the lesser included offense of manslaughter in the second degree. There was no reasonable view of the evidence, looked at in the light most favorable to the defendant, that would support a finding that he acted recklessly, rather than intentionally, in causing the victim's death (see People v. Rivera, 23 N.Y.3d 112, 121, 989 N.Y.S.2d 446, 12 N.E.3d 444 ; People v. Valentin, 118 A.D.3d 823, 987 N.Y.S.2d 227 ; People v. Greene, 87 A.D.3d 551, 928 N.Y.S.2d 74 ; People v. Jackson, 202 A.D.2d 518, 609 N.Y.S.2d 65 ).
The prosecutor's questions and comments, even if improper, were not so egregious as to have deprived the defendant of a fair trial (see People v. Hardy, 134 A.D.3d 955, 957, 22 N.Y.S.3d 128 ; People v. Quezada, 116 A.D.3d 796, 797, 983 N.Y.S.2d 326 ; People v. Hernandez, 11 A.D.3d 479, 782 N.Y.S.2d 776 ). Any prejudice resulting from the prosecutor's reference to the defendant's gang membership was alleviated by the Supreme Court's curative instruction (see People v. Hernandez, 11 A.D.3d 479, 782 N.Y.S.2d 776 ).
In his pro se supplemental brief, the defendant challenges the Supreme Court's response to the jury's request for a readback of certain testimony. Pursuant to CPL 310.30, the trial court must respond meaningfully to any jury request or inquiry (see People v. Almodovar, 62 N.Y.2d 126, 131, 476 N.Y.S.2d 95, 464 N.E.2d 463 ; People v. Malloy, 55 N.Y.2d 296, 301, 449 N.Y.S.2d 168, 434 N.E.2d 237 ; People v. Miller, 6 N.Y.2d 152, 156, 188 N.Y.S.2d 534, 160 N.E.2d 74 ; People v. Grant, 127 A.D.3d 990, 991, 6 N.Y.S.3d 648 ). Here, contrary to the defendant's contention, the Court gave a meaningful response to the jury's request for a readback of the testimony of a prosecution witness (see People v. Grant, 127 A.D.3d at 991, 6 N.Y.S.3d 648 ).
There is no merit to the defendant's further contention in his pro se supplemental brief that defense counsel's failure to request a Sirois hearing (see People v. Sirois, 92 A.D.2d 618, 459 N.Y.S.2d 813 ) upon a prosecution witness's change in testimony constituted ineffective assistance of counsel, as a Sirois hearing was not relevant to the circumstances of this case. A Sirois hearing is a tool used by the prosecution " ‘to determine whether the defendant has procured a witness's absence or unavailability through his [or her] own misconduct and thereby forfeited any hearsay or Confrontation Clause objections to admitting the witness's out-of-court statements' " (People v. McCune, 98 A.D.3d 631, 631, 949 N.Y.S.2d 747, quoting Cotto v. Herbert, 331 F.3d 217, 225–226 [2d Cir.] ).