From Casetext: Smarter Legal Research

People v. Gaines

Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, Second Department
Apr 6, 1998
249 A.D.2d 323 (N.Y. App. Div. 1998)

Opinion

April 6, 1998

Appeal from the Supreme Court, Queens County (Rosenzweig, J.).


Ordered that the judgment is affirmed.

We disagree with the defendant's contention that the trial court's denial of his request for an agency charge constituted reversible error. Before an agency charge is warranted, the evidence must be indicative of a relationship between the buyer and the defendant. It is not enough if the evidence merely raises ambiguities about the defendant's connection to the seller ( People v. Herring, 83 N.Y.2d 780, 783). Thus, the entitlement to an agency charge depends entirely on the relationship between the buyer and the defendant, and unless some reasonable view of the evidence supports the theory that the defendant was acting solely on behalf of the buyer, the jury need not be instructed on the agency defense ( People v. Herring, 83 N.Y.2d 780, 782, supra; see also, People v. Andujas, 79 N.Y.2d 113; People v. Lam Lek Chong, 45 N.Y.2d 64, cert denied 439 U.S. 935). Evidence that the defendant was acting as a middleman is not sufficient to warrant the charge ( see, People v. Argibay, 45 N.Y.2d 45, cert denied sub nom. Hahn-DiGuiseppe v. New York, 439 U.S. 930).

There was no reasonable view of the evidence to support the theory that the defendant participated in the drug sale solely on behalf of the undercover officer, who was a complete stranger to the defendant. In any event, the defendant was convicted on an acting-in-concert theory, the jury was properly charged on that theory, and its finding of guilt necessarily precluded the possibility of agency ( see, People v. Herring, supra; People v. Tinner, 209 A.D.2d 457).

The defendant's remaining contentions are without merit.

Rosenblatt, J.P., Miller, Copertino and Pizzuto, JJ., concur.


Summaries of

People v. Gaines

Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, Second Department
Apr 6, 1998
249 A.D.2d 323 (N.Y. App. Div. 1998)
Case details for

People v. Gaines

Case Details

Full title:THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, Respondent, v. KENNETH GAINES…

Court:Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, Second Department

Date published: Apr 6, 1998

Citations

249 A.D.2d 323 (N.Y. App. Div. 1998)
670 N.Y.S.2d 897

Citing Cases

People v. Patterson

It was not an improvident exercise of discretion for the court to deny the defendant's request for additional…