Opinion
581 KA 22-00361
07-28-2023
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Floyd I. CHAVIS, Defendant-Appellant.
MICHELLE B. SCHNEIDER, MANLIUS, FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLANT. BRITTANY GROME ANTONACCI, DISTRICT ATTORNEY, AUBURN (CHRISTOPHER T. VALDINA OF COUNSEL), FOR RESPONDENT.
MICHELLE B. SCHNEIDER, MANLIUS, FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.
BRITTANY GROME ANTONACCI, DISTRICT ATTORNEY, AUBURN (CHRISTOPHER T. VALDINA OF COUNSEL), FOR RESPONDENT.
PRESENT: SMITH, J.P., LINDLEY, CURRAN, OGDEN, AND GREENWOOD, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
It is hereby ORDERED that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed.
Memorandum: Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting him upon a jury verdict of, inter alia, criminal possession of a controlled substance in the third degree ( Penal Law § 220.16 [1] ), criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree (§ 265.02 [7]), and criminal possession of stolen property in the fourth degree (§ 165.45 [4]). Defendant's conviction stems from the recovery of heroin and a stolen assault rifle from a residence upon the execution of a search warrant.
We reject defendant's contention that County Court erred in summarily denying his challenge to the search warrant and in refusing to suppress the items seized on the ground that he lacked standing. "There is no legal basis for suppression and, hence, no need for a hearing, unless the accused alleges facts that, if true, demonstrate standing to challenge the search or seizure" ( People v. Burton , 6 N.Y.3d 584, 587, 815 N.Y.S.2d 7, 848 N.E.2d 454 [2006] ; see CPL 710.60 [3] [b] ; People v. Wesley , 73 N.Y.2d 351, 357, 540 N.Y.S.2d 757, 538 N.E.2d 76 [1989] ). Defendant's motion papers did not contain sworn allegations that defendant had a legitimate expectation of privacy in the place searched, and thus he failed to demonstrate that he had standing to challenge the search warrant and the ensuing search of the residence (see People v. Jones , 155 A.D.3d 1103, 1105, 64 N.Y.S.3d 358 [3d Dept. 2017], lv denied 30 N.Y.3d 1106, 77 N.Y.S.3d 5, 101 N.E.3d 391 [2018] ; People v. Smith , 155 A.D.3d 1674, 1675, 64 N.Y.S.3d 446 [4th Dept. 2017], lv denied 30 N.Y.3d 1120, 77 N.Y.S.3d 345, 101 N.E.3d 986 [2018] ; People v. Shire , 77 A.D.3d 1358, 1359-1360, 908 N.Y.S.2d 305 [4th Dept. 2010], lv denied 15 N.Y.3d 955, 917 N.Y.S.2d 115, 942 N.E.2d 326 [2010] ; see generally People v. Ramirez-Portoreal , 88 N.Y.2d 99, 108-109, 643 N.Y.S.2d 502, 666 N.E.2d 207 [1996] ).
We also reject defendant's contention that he was unduly prejudiced by the court's Molineux ruling. It is well settled that evidence of uncharged crimes may be admissible if it is relevant to demonstrate motive, intent, absence of mistake or accident, a common scheme or plan, or the identity of the defendant (see People v. Alvino , 71 N.Y.2d 233, 241-242, 525 N.Y.S.2d 7, 519 N.E.2d 808 [1987] ; People v. Ventimiglia , 52 N.Y.2d 350, 359, 438 N.Y.S.2d 261, 420 N.E.2d 59 [1981] ; People v. Molineux , 168 N.Y. 264, 293-294, 61 N.E. 286 [1901] ). The testimony regarding defendant's prior uncharged drug transactions from the residence was properly admitted in evidence to demonstrate defendant's dominion and control and knowing possession of the heroin and firearm recovered from the residence and his intent to sell (see People v. Smith , 129 A.D.3d 1549, 1549, 10 N.Y.S.3d 374 [4th Dept. 2015], lv denied 26 N.Y.3d 971, 18 N.Y.S.3d 608, 40 N.E.3d 586 [2015] ; People v. Echavarria , 53 A.D.3d 859, 863, 861 N.Y.S.2d 510 [3d Dept. 2008], lv denied 11 N.Y.3d 832, 868 N.Y.S.2d 606, 897 N.E.2d 1090 [2008] ; see also People v. Satiro , 72 N.Y.2d 821, 822, 530 N.Y.S.2d 539, 526 N.E.2d 30 [1988] ). The testimony was also admissible " ‘to complete the narrative of events leading up to the crime for which defendant [was] on trial’ " ( People v. Ray , 63 A.D.3d 1705, 1706, 880 N.Y.S.2d 837 [4th Dept. 2009], lv denied 13 N.Y.3d 838, 890 N.Y.S.2d 454, 918 N.E.2d 969 [2009] ; see People v. Parilla , 214 A.D.3d 1399, 1401-1402, 185 N.Y.S.3d 861 [4th Dept. 2023] ). The court properly concluded that the probative value of the evidence outweighed its prejudicial effect (see Parilla , 214 A.D.3d at 1401-1402, 185 N.Y.S.3d 861 ; Smith , 129 A.D.3d at 1549, 10 N.Y.S.3d 374 ).
Defendant's contention that he was not given notice or an opportunity to be heard prior to the order compelling him to submit to a buccal swab is unpreserved for our review (see CPL 470.05 [2] ; see generally People v. Small , 79 A.D.3d 1807, 1809, 917 N.Y.S.2d 772 [4th Dept. 2010], lv denied 16 N.Y.3d 837, 921 N.Y.S.2d 201, 946 N.E.2d 189 [2011] ). In any event, his contention is without merit inasmuch as the People's application for an order compelling defendant to submit to a buccal swab was made on notice to him, and he was afforded the opportunity to be heard (see People v. Goldman , 35 N.Y.3d 582, 594, 135 N.Y.S.3d 48, 159 N.E.3d 772 [2020] ; see generally Matter of Abe A. , 56 N.Y.2d 288, 296, 452 N.Y.S.2d 6, 437 N.E.2d 265 [1982] ; People v. Smith , 95 A.D.3d 21, 25, 940 N.Y.S.2d 373 [4th Dept. 2012] ).
Defendant's contention that he was denied effective assistance of counsel because defense counsel did not advise him of the possibility of participation in the judicial diversion program or inform him of the maximum sentence he was facing relies on matters outside the record and must therefore be raised by motion pursuant to CPL 440.10 (see People v. Barber , 192 A.D.3d 1679, 1680, 141 N.Y.S.3d 403 [4th Dept. 2021], lv denied 37 N.Y.3d 953, 147 N.Y.S.3d 508, 170 N.E.3d 382 [2021] ; People v. Manning , 151 A.D.3d 1936, 1938, 59 N.Y.S.3d 229 [4th Dept. 2017], lv denied 30 N.Y.3d 951, 67 N.Y.S.3d 135, 89 N.E.3d 525 [2017] ). With respect to defendant's remaining claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, defendant has failed to establish "the absence of strategic or other legitimate explanations for counsel's allegedly deficient conduct" ( People v. Caban , 5 N.Y.3d 143, 152, 800 N.Y.S.2d 70, 833 N.E.2d 213 [2005] [internal quotation marks omitted]). The record, viewed as a whole, demonstrates that defense counsel provided meaningful representation (see generally People v. Baldi , 54 N.Y.2d 137, 147, 444 N.Y.S.2d 893, 429 N.E.2d 400 [1981] ).
We have considered defendant's remaining contentions and conclude that none warrants reversal or modification of the judgment.