Opinion
Gen. No. 8,784.
Opinion filed June 15, 1934.
1. BANKING — impropriety of instruction not permitting jury to punish by either fine or imprisonment, in prosecution for receiving deposit after insolvency. In a prosecution under Cahill's St. ch. 38, ¶ 38, for embezzlement by receiving deposits after known insolvency, it is error to give an instruction as to the form of verdict which permits the jury to draw no other inference than that, if they find defendant guilty, they are bound to fix his punishment by imprisonment in the penitentiary as well as by a fine.
2. BANKING — quantum of proof in prosecution for embezzlement by receiving deposits after known insolvency. In a prosecution under Cahill's St. ch. 38, ¶ 38, for embezzlement by receiving deposits after knowledge of insolvency, the State is required to show by evidence beyond a reasonable doubt the insolvency of the bank and defendant's knowledge of such insolvency.
Error by defendants to the Circuit Court of Coles county; the Hon. GEORGE W. BRISTOW, Judge, presiding. Heard in this court at the April term, 1934. Reversed and remanded. Opinion filed June 15, 1934.
WILLIAMSON WINKELMANN, HERRICK HERRICK and BARR THOMAS, for plaintiffs in error; L. R. HERRICK, R. E. WINKELMANN and J. G. THOMAS, of counsel.
OTTO KERNER, Attorney General, and JEWELL I. DILSAVER, State's Attorney, for defendant in error.
In this case the plaintiffs in error, Adolph G. Anderson and Oscar B. Widdows, were indicted by the grand jury in Coles county circuit court under Cahill's St. ch. 38, ¶ 38 (section 61 of chapter 38 of the Smith-Hurd Revised Statutes, 1933), on two counts, which charge them with unlawfully, corruptly, wilfully, fraudulently and feloniously receiving a deposit from Oliver Busby of $140 and which was then and there accepted by them as and for a deposit in the Citizens State Bank of Oakland, Illinois, a corporation, he, the said Oliver Busby, not then and there being indebted to said Citizens State Bank of Oakland, Illinois, and that on the date of receiving said deposit the said Citizens State Bank of Oakland was insolvent; and that the said Adolph G. Anderson and Oscar B. Widdows, and each of them, then and there at the time of so receiving said deposit had knowledge and each of them well knew that the said Citizens Bank of Oakland was then and there insolvent.
The plaintiffs in error entered a plea of not guilty and thereupon there was a trial on the charge contained in the indictment, and the jury under the instructions of the court found them guilty of embezzlement in manner and form as charged in the indictment and fixed their fine at $250 and further fixed their punishment in the penitentiary for one year. The plaintiffs in error made a motion for a new trial which was overruled; also made a motion in arrest of judgment which was overruled and were thereupon sentenced. This writ of error is prosecuted for reversal of the judgment, on which they were sentenced.
The main error which has been assigned in the case and argued is the instruction given by the court concerning the form of the verdict which they should return.
The court by its instruction as to form of verdict instructed the jury as follows:
"If you find one or more of the defendants guilty, the form of your verdict may be: 'We, the jury, find the defendant or defendants (naming him or them), guilty of embezzlement in manner and form as charged in the indictment, and we fix his, or their, fine at _________ Dollars (filling in the blank with the amount of said fine, not less than double the amount as you determine from the evidence was so embezzled), and we further fix his or their (naming him or them) punishment in the penitentiary for __________ years, (filling in the blank for any term of years, not less than one nor more than three years), and we further find from the evidence that the defendant, __________, (naming him), is now about the age of __________ years; and that the defendant, __________, (naming him), is now about the age of __________ years; (filling in the blanks with the age of each defendant as you determine, from the evidence, his age to be).'
"If you find the defendant or defendants not guilty, then the form of your verdict may be: 'We, the jury, find the defendant (naming him) or defendants (naming them) not guilty.' "
It is justly contended by the plaintiffs in error that this instruction was in derogation of the statute which gives the jury in this kind of a case an option to determine whether, in addition to the fine fixed, they will also fix a punishment by confinement in the penitentiary. The statute referred to is as follows: "And upon conviction thereof, shall be fined in a sum double the amount of the sum so embezzled and fraudulently taken, and in addition thereto, may be imprisoned in the State penitentiary, not less than one nor more than three years."
It is clear that under the instruction referred to the jury could draw no other inference than that they were in duty bound to fix the penitentiary punishment as well as the fine. People v. Siemen, 351 Ill. 433; People v. Munday, 293 Ill. 191; People v. Paisley, 288 Ill. 310; Meadowcroft v. People, 163 Ill. 56; People v. Tallmadge, 328 Ill. 210.
It should also be pointed out that the proof in this case concerning the insolvency of the bank, which the People were required to show by evidence beyond a reasonable doubt as well as the knowledge of the plaintiffs in error of such insolvency, was insufficient under the holding of the Supreme Court in People v. Clark, 329 Ill. 104.
For the reasons stated the judgment and sentence is reversed and the cause remanded.
Reversed and remanded.