Opinion
6392 Ind. 923/12
04-26-2018
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Emmanuel ALMONTE, Defendant–Appellant.
Seymour W. James, Jr., The Legal Aid Society, New York (David Crow of counsel), and Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, New York (Stephen J. Yanni of counsel), for appellant. Darcel D. Clark, District Attorney, Bronx (Andrew J. Zapata of counsel), for respondent.
Seymour W. James, Jr., The Legal Aid Society, New York (David Crow of counsel), and Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, New York (Stephen J. Yanni of counsel), for appellant.
Darcel D. Clark, District Attorney, Bronx (Andrew J. Zapata of counsel), for respondent.
Mazzarelli, J.P., Kapnick, Kahn, Kern, Singh, JJ.
Judgment, Supreme Court, Bronx County (James M. Kindler, J.), rendered August 2, 2013, convicting defendant, after a jury trial, of robbery in the second degree (two counts), attempted assault in the first degree and assault in the second degree, and sentencing him to an aggregate term of five years, unanimously affirmed.
The court properly admitted a 911 phone call between the victim and a 911 dispatcher under the excited utterance exception to the hearsay rule (see People v. Johnson, 1 N.Y.3d 302, 306, 772 N.Y.S.2d 238, 804 N.E.2d 402 [2003] ; People v. Vasquez, 88 N.Y.2d 561, 579, 647 N.Y.S.2d 697, 670 N.E.2d 1328 [1996] ). The victim's statements were made within minutes after he was attacked. The record indicates that he was still under the influence of the stress of the incident despite the lapse of time (see People v. Brown, 70 N.Y.2d 513, 520–522, 522 N.Y.S.2d 837, 517 N.E.2d 515 [1987] ), and that his statements were spontaneous and trustworthy, and not the product of reflection or possible fabrication. In any event, any error was harmless. The victim testified at trial, and "prior consistent statements are notably less prejudicial to the opposing party than other forms of hearsay, since by definition the maker of the statement has said the same thing in court as out of it, and so credibility can be tested through cross-examination" ( People v. Ludwig, 24 N.Y.3d 221, 230, 997 N.Y.S.2d 351, 21 N.E.3d 1012 [2014] ).
Defendant failed to preserve the specific legal sufficiency claim he raises on appeal regarding his attempted assault conviction, and we decline to review it in the interest of justice. As an alternative holding, we reject it on the merits. We also find that the verdict was not against the weight of the evidence (see People v. Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d 342, 348–349, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1 [2007] ). The evidence supported the jury's finding that defendant shared his codefendant's intent to cause serious physical injury to the victim (see People v. Degraffenreid, 138 A.D.3d 456, 456–457, 29 N.Y.S.3d 301 [1st Dept. 2016], affd 29 N.Y.3d 935, 51 N.Y.S.3d 1, 73 N.E.3d 341 [2017] ; Matter of Tatiana N., 73 A.D.3d 186, 191, 899 N.Y.S.2d 21 [1st Dept. 2010] ).
The court properly denied defendant's request to submit third-degree assault as a lesser included offense of second-degree assault. There was no reasonable view of the evidence, viewed most favorably to defendant, that the injury at issue was inflicted without the use of a deadly weapon or a dangerous instrument.
In imposing sentence, the court providently exercised its discretion in taking into consideration the fact that defendant absconded during trial. The court had no obligation to warn defendant that commission of a new criminal act (in this case bail jumping) would adversely affect his sentence upon conviction after trial; defendant's citation to cases involving conditions of negotiated pleas is misplaced. We perceive no basis for reducing the sentence.