Opinion
2012-04-10
James PAROLISI, respondent-appellant, et al., plaintiffs, v. Janet SLAVIN, appellant-respondent.
Berkman, Henoch, Peterson, Peddy & Fenchel, P.C., Garden City, N.Y. (Peter Sullivan of counsel), for appellant-respondent. James J. Corbett, Bellmore, N.Y., for respondent-appellant.
Berkman, Henoch, Peterson, Peddy & Fenchel, P.C., Garden City, N.Y. (Peter Sullivan of counsel), for appellant-respondent. James J. Corbett, Bellmore, N.Y., for respondent-appellant.
DANIEL D. ANGIOLILLO, J.P., ARIEL E. BELEN, PLUMMER E. LOTT, and ROBERT J. MILLER, JJ.
In an action for injunctive relief, the defendant appeals, as limited by her brief, from so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Nassau County (Galasso, J.), dated September 28, 2011, as granted the motion of the plaintiff James Parolisi for a preliminary injunction enjoining the defendant from moving structures, equipment, materials, and other items though the air space above his real property and above the ingress and egress easement across his real property, and the plaintiff James Parolisi cross-appeals from so much of the same order as fixed an undertaking pursuant to CPLR 6312(b) in the sum of $750,000.
ORDERED that the order is reversed insofar as appealed from, on the law, the motion of the plaintiff James Parolisi for a preliminary injunction is denied, and the determination in the order fixing an undertaking in the sum of $750,000 is vacated; and it is further,
ORDERED that the cross appeal is dismissed as academic, in light of our determination on the appeal; and it is further,
ORDERED that one bill of costs is awarded to the defendant.
In 2009 the defendant requested approval from the Zoning Board of Appeals of the City of Long Beach (hereinafter the ZBA) for variances which would permit her to reconstruct the first floor of her beachfront bungalow and construct a second-story addition. After a hearing, and upon review of submissions from those who were opposed to the project, the ZBA granted the variances. Thereafter, the owners of the two separate parcels of real property adjacent to the defendant's parcel commenced a hybrid CPLR article 78 proceeding and declaratory judgment action, contending that the ZBA's determination was arbitrary and capricious and, alternatively, seeking a declaration that the structure, as proposed, would interfere with their use of a common easement for ingress and egress. The Supreme Court granted the petition, annulled the ZBA's determination as arbitrary and capricious, denied the defendant's application for variances, and dismissed the declaratory judgment action as academic. On the separate appeals by the City of Long Beach and the defendant, this Court reversed, concluding that the ZBA's determination was rational and supported by the record, and that the structure, as proposed, would not interfere with the adjacent landowners' use of the common easement for ingress and egress ( see Matter of Goldberg v. Zoning Bd. of Appeals of City of Long Beach, 79 A.D.3d 874, 912 N.Y.S.2d 668).
Thereafter, the owners of one of the adjacent parcels sold that parcel to the plaintiff James Parolisi (hereinafter the plaintiff). Shortly after construction began on the defendant's property, the plaintiff commenced this action for permanent injunctive relief enjoining the defendant from moving structures, equipment, materials, and other items through the air space over his property and above the ingress and egress easement across his property. The new owners of other adjacent property, James Margiotta and Nicole Margiotta, commenced a similar action against the defendant, which was consolidated with the instant action, but they later settled their claims against the defendant. After a hearing, the Supreme Court granted the plaintiff's motion for a preliminary injunction, rejecting the defendant's argument that this action is barred by the doctrine of res judicata, and set an undertaking in the sum of $750,000.
Under New York's transactional approach to the doctrine of res judicata, “once a claim is brought to a final conclusion, all other claims arising out of the same transaction or series of transactions are barred, even if based upon different theories or if seeking a different remedy” ( O'Brien v. City of Syracuse, 54 N.Y.2d 353, 357, 445 N.Y.S.2d 687, 429 N.E.2d 1158; see Matter of Calapai v. Zoning Bd. of Appeals of Vil. of Babylon, 57 A.D.3d 987, 989, 871 N.Y.S.2d 288; Matter of Palm Mgt. Corp. v. Goldstein, 29 A.D.3d 801, 804, 815 N.Y.S.2d 670, affd. 8 N.Y.3d 337, 833 N.Y.S.2d 423, 865 N.E.2d 840; Town of Wallkill v. Lachmann, 27 A.D.3d 724, 725, 813 N.Y.S.2d 157). The doctrine not only applies to the parties of record in the prior action, but also to those in privity with them ( see Watts v. Swiss Bank Corp., 27 N.Y.2d 270, 277, 317 N.Y.S.2d 315, 265 N.E.2d 739; Djoganopoulos v. Polkes, 67 A.D.3d 726, 727, 889 N.Y.S.2d 213; Matter of State of New York v. Seaport Manor A.C.F., 19 A.D.3d 609, 610, 797 N.Y.S.2d 538; Bay Shore Family Partners v. Foundation of Jewish Philanthropies of Jewish Fedn. of Greater Fort Lauderdale, 270 A.D.2d 374, 375, 704 N.Y.S.2d 631). Here, the causes of action asserted by the plaintiff are barred by the doctrine of res judicata, as he is in privity with the prior owners, who could have asserted these causes of action in the prior action ( see Union St. Tower, LLC v. Richmond, 84 A.D.3d 784, 786, 922 N.Y.S.2d 503; Jennings v. City of Glens Falls Indus. Dev. Agency, 9 A.D.3d 773, 774, 780 N.Y.S.2d 672). Since the plaintiff's causes of action are barred by the doctrine of res judicata, the plaintiff failed to demonstrate a likelihood of success on the merits and, accordingly, his motion for a preliminary injunction should have been denied ( see Blinds & Carpet Gallery, Inc. v. E.E.M. Realty, Inc., 82 A.D.3d 691, 692, 917 N.Y.S.2d 680; Shasho v. Pruco Life Ins. Co. of N.J., 67 A.D.3d 663, 665, 888 N.Y.S.2d 557; Tatum v. Newell Funding, LLC, 63 A.D.3d 911, 912, 880 N.Y.S.2d 542).
In light of our determination, we need not reach the parties' remaining contentions.