Opinion
2014-08-8
NICK'S GARAGE, INC., Plaintiff–Respondent, v. LIBERTY MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant–Appellant. (Appeal No. 1.).
Jaffe & Asher LLP, New York City (Marshall T. Potashner of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. Bousquet Holstein PLLC, Syracuse (Cecelia R.S. Cannon of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent.
Jaffe & Asher LLP, New York City (Marshall T. Potashner of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. Bousquet Holstein PLLC, Syracuse (Cecelia R.S. Cannon of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent.
PRESENT: SCUDDER, P.J., SMITH, CARNI, LINDLEY, and WHALEN, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
Plaintiffs in these two appeals operate automobile repair shops, and they commenced these actions to recover payment for repairs performed on behalf of various assignors, including persons involved in accidents with defendant's insureds ( see generally11 NYCRR 216.7[a][2] ). Insofar as relevant in each appeal, plaintiffs asserted causes of action for quantum meruit and the violation of General Business Law § 349, which prohibits deceptive business practices. In appeal Nos. 1 and 2, defendant moved to dismiss those causes of action in the second amended complaint and the amended complaint, respectively, on the ground that plaintiffs lacked standing under Insurance Law § 3420 because their assignors were strangers to the underlying insurance policies. Supreme Court denied both motions. We now affirm.
When the plaintiff is a stranger to the underlying insurance policy, “Insurance Law § 3420 ... grants [him or her] a right to sue the tortfeasor's insurer, but only under limited circumstances-[he or she] must first obtain a judgment against the tortfeasor, serve the insurance company with a copy of the judgment and await payment for 30 days. Compliance with th [o]se requirements is a condition precedent to a direct action against the insurance company” (Lang v. Hanover Ins. Co., 3 N.Y.3d 350, 354, 787 N.Y.S.2d 211, 820 N.E.2d 855). That condition precedent, however, applies only when the direct action seeks relief “under the terms of the [insurance] policy or contract” (§ 3420[a][2] ).
Here, the causes of action for quantum meruit and deceptive business practices do not seek relief “under the terms of the [insurance] policy or contract.” Rather, those causes of action raise distinct legal theories that are independent of the policy terms. Thus, contrary to defendant's contention in both appeals, Insurance Law § 3420 does not bar plaintiffs' causes of action for quantum meruit and deceptive business practices, and the court therefore properly denied the motions to dismiss insofar as they were premised on that ground ( see Nick's Garage, Inc. v. State Farm Gen. Ins. Co., 2013 WL 718323, *10; see generally First State Ins. Co. v. J & S United Amusement Corp., 67 N.Y.2d 1044, 1046 n., 504 N.Y.S.2d 88, 495 N.E.2d 351; McNamara v. Allstate Ins. Co., 3 A.D.2d 295, 298, 160 N.Y.S.2d 51).
Defendant's remaining contentions in each appeal were raised for the first time in its reply papers, and it is “well settled that contentions raised for the first time in reply papers are not properly before [us]” ( Jacobson v. Leemilts Petroleum, Inc., 101 A.D.3d 1599, 1600, 956 N.Y.S.2d 714).
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs.