Opinion
1330-21SL
06-06-2022
JAMAL EDWARD NELSON, Petitioner v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent
ORDER
Kathleen Kerrigan, Chief Judge
On April 28, 2021, respondent filed in the above-docketed case a Motion to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction as to the Taxable Years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, and To Strike, on the ground that no notice of deficiency, as authorized by section 6212 and required by section 6213(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (I.R.C.) to form the basis for a petition to this Court, had been sent to petitioner with respect to taxable years 2017 through 2020, nor had respondent made any other determination with respect to petitioner's tax years 2017 through 2020, including any determination pursuant to section 6320 and/or 6330, I.R.C., that would confer jurisdiction on the Court, as of the date the petition herein was filed.
This Court is a court of limited jurisdiction. It may therefore exercise jurisdiction only to the extent expressly provided by statute. Breman v. Commissioner, 66 T.C. 61, 66 (1976). In a case seeking the redetermination of a deficiency, the jurisdiction of the Court depends, in part, on the issuance by the Commissioner of a valid notice of deficiency to the taxpayer. Rule 13(c), Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure; Frieling v. Commissioner, 81 T.C. 42, 46 (1983). The notice of deficiency has been described as "the taxpayer's ticket to the Tax Court" because without it, there can be no prepayment judicial review by this Court of the deficiency determined by the Commissioner. Mulvania v. Commissioner, 81 T.C. 65, 67 (1983).
Similarly, this Court's jurisdiction in a case seeking review of a determination concerning collection action under section 6320 or 6330, I.R.C., depends, in part, upon the issuance of a valid notice of determination by the IRS Office of Appeals under section 6320 or 6330, I.R.C. Secs. 6320(c) and 6330(d)(1), I.R.C.; Rule 330(b), Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure; Offiler v. Commissioner, 114 T.C. 492 (2000). A condition precedent to the issuance of a notice of determination is the requirement that a taxpayer have requested a hearing before the IRS Office of Appeals in reference to an underlying Notice of Federal Tax Lien Filing and Your Right to a Hearing Under IRC 6320, Final Notice of Intent To Levy and Notice of Your Right to a Hearing (or the equivalent Notice CP90, Intent to seize your assets and notice of your right to a hearing, depending on the version of the form used), or analogous post-levy notice of hearing rights under section 6330(f), I.R.C. (e.g., a Notice of Levy on Your State Tax Refund and Notice of Your Right to a Hearing).
Other types of IRS notice which may form the basis for a petition to the Tax Court, likewise under statutorily prescribed parameters, include a Notice of Final Determination Concerning Your Request for Relief From Joint and Several Liability, a Notice of Final Determination Not To Abate Interest, a Notice of Determination of Worker Classification, Notice of Certification of Your Seriously Delinquent Federal Tax Debt to the State Department, or a Notice of Final Determination Concerning Whistleblower Action. No pertinent claims involving section 6015, 6404(h), 7436, 7345, or 7623, I.R.C., respectively, have been implicated here. Similarly absent is any suggestion that the perquisites have been met to support one of the statutorily described declaratory judgment actions that may be undertaken by the Court.
On May 19, 2021, petitioner filed a notice of objection to respondent's motion. Therein, petitioner did not directly deny the jurisdictional allegations set forth in respondent's motion, i.e., petitioner did not claim that the IRS had sent a notice of deficiency or determination or any other relevant notice for 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020. Rather, petitioner explained as follows: "I Jamal Edward Nelson (Petitioner) would like to file an 'Objection' to the Motion to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction as to the Taxable Years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 filed by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue (Respondent). I would like to include these taxable years in the upcoming case to show I have nothing to hide and to be used as any source of evidence to prove I have been honest and transparent throughout this whole ongoing process."
Unfortunately, while the Court is sympathetic to petitioner's situation and appreciates the gesture of openness and forthrightness, the Court on the present record lacks jurisdiction in this case to review any action (or inaction) by respondent in regard to petitioner's 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 taxes. Congress has granted the Tax Court no authority to afford any remedy for those years in the circumstances evidenced by this proceeding, regardless of the merits of petitioner's complaints. Instead, only the taxable year 2016 is properly before the Court on the basis the notice of determination concerning collection action dated December 1, 2020, and the case as to 2016 will continue.
Accordingly, the premises considered, it is
ORDERED that respondent's Motion To Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction as to the Taxable Years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, and To Strike is granted. This case is dismissed for lack of jurisdiction as to 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, and references to those years in the petition are deemed stricken.