Opinion
December 22, 1998
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Bronx County (Gerald Esposito, J.).
Defendant GEICO's insured suffered the theft of a black, 1986 Chevrolet station wagon in 1990. GEICO paid the claim and thereby acquired title to the missing vehicle. It next surfaced in 1993, in the possession of a scofflaw who forfeited the vehicle for sheriff's sale. (What the sheriff apparently failed to notice was that the vehicle now bore an altered VIN.) Plaintiff Ramon Morel purchased the vehicle at public auction in 1994, and registered and insured it under the altered VIN indicated in the sheriff's certificate of sale. But he registered it as a white, 1985 Chevrolet sedan.
Noticing the improper registration, police stopped the vehicle in June 1995 and discovered the altered VIN. Mr. Morel, the driver, was placed under arrest and charged with unauthorized use of a motor vehicle, criminal possession of stolen property, forgery, and forgery of a VIN. These charges were eventually dropped, but meanwhile, the insurer confirmed to the police that it was the rightful owner of the vehicle, and that the driver arrested was not authorized to operate it.
In 1996 plaintiffs commenced the instant action for false arrest and imprisonment, and for malicious prosecution. The GEICO defendants moved to dismiss on the ground that they had acted routinely and truthfully in responding to a police inquiry, confirming that the insurer was the true owner of the vehicle, and that no one else had been authorized to operate it. Indeed, these defendants had no prior knowledge of plaintiffs' possession of the vehicle, and the record reveals that they did not even learn of plaintiffs' role in this case until after Mr. Morel had been arrested.
The GEICO defendants questioned how Mr. Morel had come into possession of this vehicle, but at no point did they make any allegations of unlawful conduct against plaintiffs. Providing truthful information to the police is certainly no ground for damages for false arrest or malicious prosecution ( see, Eisenkraft v. Armstrong, 172 A.D.2d 484). Furthermore, having observed a registration violation, the police were justified in making the initial arrest, and that constitutes a complete defense to the allegations of false arrest and imprisonment ( Heath v. State of New York, 229 A.D.2d 912). Once probable cause for arrest is established, plaintiffs are barred from recovery for malicious prosecution ( see, Rivera v. Village of Dobbs Ferry, 234 A.D.2d 533).
Concur — Milonas, J. P., Ellerin, Wallach and Andrias, JJ.