Opinion
November 30, 1998
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Richmond County (Sangiorgio, J.).
Ordered that the order is affirmed, with costs.
On January 7, 1983, the plaintiff Peter Moller consulted with the defendant Alan J. Taliuaga regarding representing him in a lawsuit to recover damages for personal injuries, etc. Taliuaga agreed to represent the plaintiffs and executed a retainer agreement on January 14, 1983. In 1992 Taliuaga advised the plaintiffs that they did not have a case and that any potential claim against the City of New York was barred because a notice of claim had not been timely filed.
In 1994 the plaintiffs commenced the instant action against Taliuaga and the defendant Taliuaga Karsch, P. C. (hereinafter the corporation), a professional corporation engaged in the practice of law to recover damages as a result of alleged legal malpractice. All of the allegations of malpractice in the original complaint were based on actions taken by Taliuaga personally.
In 1997 the plaintiffs moved for leave to amend the complaint and add Dennis M. Karsch, a principal of the corporation, as a defendant, on the ground that he had been actively involved in the underlying personal injury action. Because the plaintiffs' application for leave to amend the complaint and add Karsch as a defendant was made after the Statute of Limitations had expired, it was time-barred and the burden shifted to the plaintiffs to establish the applicability of the relation-back doctrine of CPLR 203 (b) ( see, Hoosac Val. Farmers Exch. v. AG Assets, 168 A.D.2d 822).
For the rule allowing relation back to the original date of filing under CPLR 203 (b) to be operative in an action in which a party is added beyond the applicable limitations period, a plaintiff is required to prove that (1) both claims arose out of the same conduct, transaction, or occurrence, (2) the new party is united in interest with the original defendant, and by reason of that relationship can be charged with such notice of the institution of the action that the new party will not be prejudiced in maintaining its defense on the merits by the delayed, otherwise stale, commencement, and (3) the new party knew or should have known that, but for a mistake by the plaintiff as to the identity of the proper parties, the action would have been brought against that party as well ( see, Buran v. Coupal, 87 N.Y.2d 173).
The plaintiffs have failed to meet their burden. There is no evidence to establish that Karsch is united in interest with Taliuaga. Parties are united in interest only where "the interest of the parties in the subject-matter is such that they stand or fall together and that judgment against one will similarly affect the other" ( Prudential Ins. Co. v. Stone, 270 N.Y. 154, 159; see, Desiderio v. Rubin, 234 A.D.2d 581; Mondello v. New York Blood Ctr.-Greater N.Y. Blood Program, 80 N.Y.2d 219, 226; Brock v. Bua, 83 A.D.2d 61, 68). In short, "interests will be united, only where one is vicariously liable for the acts of the other" ( Connell v. Hayden, 83 A.D.2d 30, 45). In general, an employee of a professional corporation will not be held vicariously liable for acts performed solely by a coemployee ( see, Engelbart v. Schachter, 235 A.D.2d 387; Hylton v. Flushing Hosp. Med. Ctr., 218 A.D.2d 604). A shareholder, employee, or officer of a professional corporation is liable only for negligent or wrongful acts "committed by him or by any person under his direct supervision and control while rendering professional services on behalf of such corporation" (Business Corporation Law § 1505 Bus. Corp. [a]; see also, Ecker v. Zwaik Bernstein, 240 A.D.2d 360, 361; Somer Wand v. Rotondi, 219 A.D.2d 340, 343). Here, other than the unsubstantiated allegations of the plaintiffs' attorney, the plaintiffs failed to present any proof that Karsch committed any negligent or wrongful acts in the prosecution of the plaintiffs' underlying action or that he supervised Taliuaga's actions. Therefore, the plaintiffs' motion was properly denied.
Rosenblatt, J. P., O'Brien, Sullivan, Krausman and Florio, JJ., concur.