Opinion
No. 03-02-00067-CV.
Filed: January 16, 2003.
Appeal from the County Court at Law of Bastrop County No. G-33, Honorable Mercer Benton Eskew, Judge Presiding.
Affirmed.
Before Justices KIDD, B. A. SMITH and YEAKEL.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
August Meduna, Jr. appeals from a judgment awarding attorney's fees to his sister, Ruth Holder, the guardian of the person and estate of their mother, Minnie Meduna. Appellant complains that the county court at law erred by awarding attorney's fees to Holder for work performed regarding an unrelated lawsuit that was filed and dismissed before she was appointed guardian, performed without advance court approval, and unrelated to the guardianship. We will affirm the judgment.
BACKGROUND
On June 18, 1999, Holder applied to be appointed the guardian of the eighty-nine-year-old Minnie Meduna. Holder asserted that Minnie Meduna was dependent on round-the-clock care and was unable to manage her affairs. Negotiations among Holder and her siblings ensued, as did lawsuits pertaining to the family's property. The trial court held a hearing on the guardianship application on October 29, 2001 at which Minnie Meduna stated that she did not wish to have a guardian appointed. On November 6, 2001, the court signed an order granting Holder's application.
On December 13, 2001, Holder filed an application for reimbursement and payment of attorney's fees. In the application, she asserts that she hired a lawyer on March 5, 1999 to begin "working out family issues relating to her father's death and her own care of her mother." She attached many documents and billing statements to the unsworn application. Six days after filing the application, Holder filed an affidavit in support of her request; she verified that she incurred the amount of fees claimed in her application — $13,659.40 paid and $8,764.20 incurred but unpaid. She swore that these fees were reasonable, necessary, and related to the guardianship application and related events like court appearances and mediations. She verified that the expenses were incurred in pursuing the best interests of Minnie Meduna.
August Meduna objected to the application. He complained that the billing statements attached to the application showed that the majority of the time for which fees were requested was devoted to an unrelated declaratory-judgment action regarding a gift deed by which their parents gave a life estate in certain property to Holder; he noted that the lawsuit was dismissed without an award of attorney's fees. He complained that other requested fees were for work pertaining to an application for probate of their father's will. Finally, he argued that Holder's attorneys could not be paid by their mother's estate for work performed before Holder was appointed guardian and complained that Holder's attorney's work was not pre-approved by the court. He also complained that omissions from the billing statements made determining the necessity and reasonableness of some of the fees difficult.
The county court at law awarded ninety percent of the attorney's fees requested. The court found that the attorney's fees requested were reasonable and just. The court also found that the expenditures for the declaratory-judgment action, the probate of the estate of August Meduna, Sr., and the guardianship were inextricably intertwined, at least since the declaratory-judgment action was refiled in the probate court following the district court's dismissal of it. Accordingly, the court ordered that Holder use funds belonging to Minnie Meduna to pay her attorney $7,887.78 and to reimburse herself $12,293.46 for attorney's fees paid to her attorneys.
DISCUSSION
Appellant contends that the county court at law erred by awarding the attorney's fees. He argues that the county court at law lacked power to award attorney's fees and expenses from the guardianship estate's assets because the fees were incurred before the appointment of the guardian and were for work not related to the guardianship and not pre-approved by the court.
We begin with appellant's threshold challenge to the sufficiency of Holder's application for payment of attorney's fees. Appellant complains for the first time on appeal that Holder's application was deficient because it was not verified. See Tex. Prob. Code Ann. § 667 (West Supp. 2003). That section requires that all expense charges be "(1) in writing, showing specifically each item of expense and the date of the expense; (2) verified by affidavit of the guardian; [and] (3) filed with the clerk. . . ." Id. Section 667 does not specify that the guardian's verifying affidavit be filed at the same time as the application. See id. Holder's application was unverified when filed, but she filed an affidavit six days later verifying that the amounts requested in the application were expended in the guardianship application process. Together, the application and affidavit satisfy the requirements of Probate Code section 667.
Holder's application cited Probate Code sections 665B and 666. See Tex. Prob. Code Ann. §§ 665B, 666 (West Supp. 2003). Section 665B provides that:
• A court that creates a guardianship for a ward under this chapter, on request of a person who filed an application to be appointed guardian of the proposed ward, may authorize compensation of an attorney who represents the person at the application hearing, regardless of whether the person is appointed the ward's guardian, from:
• available funds of the ward's estate; or
• [if no estate funds, then county funds, if available]
• The court may not authorize compensation under this section unless the court finds that the applicant acted in good faith and for just cause in the filing and prosecution of the application.
Id. § 665B. Section 666 provides as follows:
This is the text of the statute effective September 1, 1999. The omitted subsection, pertaining to the availability of funds from the county to pay attorney's fees, is inapplicable here; it was the only substantive change from the previous law. See Act of May 20, 1999, 76th Leg., R.S., ch. 905, § 2, 1999 Tex. Gen. Laws 3604, 3605.
A guardian is entitled to be reimbursed from the guardianship estate for all necessary and reasonable expenses incurred in performing any duty as a guardian, including reimbursement for the payment of reasonable attorney's fees necessarily incurred by the guardian in connection with the management of the estate or any other guardianship matter.
This is the text of the statute effective September 1, 2001. The 2001 amendment added the clause beginning midway through the statute with the word "including." See Act of May 23, 2001, 77th Leg., R.S., ch. 953, § 2, 2001 Tex. Gen. Laws 1909, 1910.
We review a court's award to a guardian of attorney's fees related to the guardianship application for an abuse of discretion. See Moore v. First City Bank of Dallas, 707 S.W.2d 286, 288 (Tex.App.-Fort Worth 1986, no writ) (fees incurred defeating challenge to guardianship); see also State v. Ellison, 914 S.W.2d 679, 683 (Tex.App.-Austin 1996, no writ)(same); cf. Simon v. York Crane Rigging Co., Inc., 739 S.W.2d 793, 794 (Tex. 1987) (guardian ad litem fees). Appellant argues that the decision is a matter of law, based on Henderson v. Viesca. 922 S.W.2d 553, 561 (Tex.App.-San Antonio 1996, writ denied). That case, however, was tried on stipulated facts. See id. at 557. Here, the facts are not stipulated and there is no question of statutory interpretation. The common thread in appellant's three issues is whether the trial court correctly characterized the nature of the guardian's attorney's actions.
A trial court abuses its discretion when it acts arbitrarily and unreasonably, without reference to guiding rules or principles, or when it misapplies the law to the established facts of the case. Beaumont Bank, N.A. v. Buller, 806 S.W.2d 223, 226 (Tex. 1991); Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241 (Tex. 1985). We must review the evidence in the light most favorable to the action of the trial court, and cannot substitute our judgment for that of the trial court as long as the trial court did not abuse its discretion. Ellison, 914 S.W.2d at 682.
Appellant contends that Holder sought and was awarded fees incurred for purposes other than the guardianship application. He complains that fees were awarded for work related to the estate before Holder was appointed guardian; he contends that, because the statute does not permit recovery for expenses by nonguardians doing work as guardians, Holder cannot recover for expenses she incurred for work relating to the estate before she became a guardian. Appellant also complains that fees were awarded for work done relating to a deed challenge and to the probate of their father's will. He further contends for the first time on appeal in his reply brief that the award compensates Holder for work done for her personally that conflicts with the interests of the estate.
His argument that fees were awarded for pre-application expenses is based in part on an incorrect assertion that Holder applied to be guardian on October 29, 2001. The clerk's record reflects that Holder filed her application on June 18, 1999.
Based on the record before us, we cannot conclude that the district court abused its discretion by its attorney's fees award to Holder. Holder's application for attorney's fees describes the events surrounding the guardianship application procedure and its interaction with other family-related legal work. Attached to the fees application are letters written by the attorney and billing statements. The billing statements include redactions of subject lines which Holder's attorney testified were made to protect attorney-client privilege. The billing statements also contain subject lines that allude to probate proceedings. Holder averred in her affidavit that the fees she paid
represented reasonable and necessary expenses in respect to matters relating to my application for guardianship of Minnie Meduna. . . .
Additional fees incurred in the course of the guardianship application, court appearances and mediations are also shown on attachments to the application. I verify that these expenses were reasonably and necessarily incurred in pursuing the best interests of Minnie Meduna.
Holder's attorney testified that he did not and could not segregate his work on the guardianship application from his representation of her on all matters because all the aspects of his representation of Holder were inextricably intertwined. Appellant contended strenuously at the hearing that the billing statements reveal easily segregable items and that Holder's attorney declined his request to segregate their dealings on the cases. The county court at law, however, stated at the close of the hearing that "based on the time that was spent in court and the time that the Court has actually spent in overseeing this case, that the percentage [of time devoted to the application as opposed to other matters] is 90 percent to 10 percent." The court memorialized this finding in its order.
Viewing the evidence most favorably to the judgment, we cannot conclude that the trial court acted arbitrarily or unreasonably in making this finding or the award of attorney's fees.
CONCLUSION
Having resolved the issues on appeal in favor of the judgment, we affirm the judgment.