Summary
In McGuire v. Carey, 366 Pa. 627, 79 A.2d 236 (1951), another child-drowning case, recovery was denied, squarely on the basis that the condition which caused the harm was natural rather than artificial.
Summary of this case from Frankel v. Burke's Excavating, Inc.Opinion
January 3, 1951.
March 19, 1951.
Negligence — Possessor of land — Natural condition — Child trespasser — Restatement, Torts.
1. A possessor of land is not subject to liability for bodily harm to young children trespassing thereon caused by a natural condition which he maintains upon the land. [628]
2. Restatement, Torts, § 339, distinguished. [628]
Before DREW, C. J., STERN, STEARNE, JONES, BELL, LADNER and CHIDSEY, JJ.
Appeal, No. 97, Jan. T., 1950, from order of Court of Common Pleas of Lackawanna County, April T., 1947, No. 3, in case of Edward McGuire et ux. and Edward McGuire, Admr., Estate of Augustine McGuire, Deceased, v. Helen Carey. Order affirmed.
Trespass for wrongful death. Before LITTLE, P.J., specially presiding.
Compulsory nonsuit entered; plaintiffs' motion to take off nonsuit refused. Plaintiffs appealed.
Ulric J. McHale, with him Frank J. McDonnell, for appellants.
C. H. Welles, 3rd, with him Welles Mackie, for appellee.
Edward McGuire and Margaret, his wife, instituted this suit against Helen Carey, defendant, to recover damages for the death of their son, Augustine McGuire, who drowned in a stream running through the premises of defendant. The entry of a nonsuit and the refusal of the learned court below to remove it give rise to this appeal.
Defendant owned property in the south side section of the City of Scranton. Running through that property was a small stream known as Meadow Brook where children had been in the habit of playing for many years. On February 8, 1946, the stream was covered with a thin coating of ice and Augustine McGuire, a minor seven years of age, decided he would try to walk across the ice to the far bank. When he reached a point near the middle of the stream, the ice gave way and he fell in water approximately four feet deep and was drowned.
Plaintiffs base their claim on Restatement of Torts, § 339. That section provides: "A possessor of land is subject to liability for bodily harm to young children trespassing thereon caused by a structure or other artificial condition which he maintains upon the land, . . ." (Italics added.) Plaintiffs concede that Meadow Brook is a natural stream but contend that because of a culvert through which it passes under a street and because of some blasting which occurred eight years prior to the accident, an artificial pool was created in which the boy drowned. However, none of plaintiffs' witnesses testified that any such artificial condition existed. On the contrary, the uncontradicted evidence discloses that except for natural erosion and seasonal variations in depth the stream had remained unchanged for at least forty years. The record shows that neither the blasting nor the culvert had caused any material change in the stream. Certainly from that evidence it is clear that defendant was not maintaining an artificial condition on her land within the meaning of § 339. She was guilty of no negligence and she cannot, therefore, be held liable in damages for the death of the trespassing child.
Order affirmed.