Summary
In Martin v. Wagner, 124 Cal. 204 [56 P. 1023], it was held that a reversal by the Supreme Court after death of the respondent, was not void but at most, erroneous, although there had been no motion to substitute the decedent's representatives, nor suggestion of the respondent's death.
Summary of this case from Machado v. FloresOpinion
MOTION in the Supreme Court to recall a remittitur issued to the Superior Court of San Joaquin County. Joseph H. Budd, Judge.
COUNSEL
Elliott & Elliott, for the Motion.
James A. Louttit, for Appellants contra.
JUDGES: In Bank. Henshaw, J. Beatty, C. J., Temple, J., Harrison, J., and Garoutte, J., concurred.
OPINION
HENSHAW, Judge
The appeal in the above-entitled cause was pending in this court upon the twenty-fourth day of October, 1896. Upon that day defendant and respondent Wagner died. After his death a brief was filed by James A. Louttit on behalf of the appellants, and by Elliott & Elliott on behalf of respondents. Subsequently these attorneys entered into a stipulation submitting the cause for decision, and upon April 19, 1898, this court rendered its judgment reversing that of the trial court. No petition for a rehearing was presented, and the remittitur issued in due time. No suggestion of the death of Wagner, nor request for a substitution of his representatives, was made until December 5, 1898, when Elliott & Elliott, who had been Wagner's attorneys in the litigation, and who now appear as the attorneys for his executrices, moved the court to recall the remittitur and to substitute the executrices in place of Wagner, deceased. No attempt is made to excuse the delay, nor is any explanation offered why the suggestion of the death of Wagner was so long delayed.
Were the judgment so rendered by this court void, it would be its plain duty to recall the remittitur and restore the appeal to the calendar, and this not upon the ground that the court could resume jurisdiction which it had lost, but because it had never lost jurisdiction at all. Such is the well-established rule in those courts which treat a judgment so pronounced against a dead man as a mere nullity. In this state, however, it has been decided that when, in his lifetime, jurisdiction of the party and of the subject matter has been acquired, the rendition of a judgment after his death, without substitution of parties, is not void, but at the most erroneous. (Phelan v. Tyler , 64 Cal. 80; Wallace v. Center , 67 Cal. 133.) Where fraud or imposition has been practiced upon this court in procuring its judgment, the remittitur [56 P. 1024] will be recalled, and jurisdiction here will be reasserted upon the ground that the judgment so procured is a nullity. But in this case no charge of fraud is made. In its legal aspect it stands in no different position from that of any other case in which an erroneous decision may chance to have been made by this court. Under the constitution, by the lapse of time and the issuance of the remittitur, the judgment has become a finality, beyond the power of this court to modify or amend. But, aside from the question of the power of the court under these circumstances to recall the remittitur, the facts presented in this case do not invite the exercise of such power. No reason is shown why the death of Wagner was not suggested earlier. Elliott & Elliott, who had represented him in his lifetime, continued to act in the case. The respondents thus were represented by the very attorneys who had been under the employ of Wagner. They filed a brief on his behalf. They stipulated to a submission of the cause. Not till long after the issuance of the remittitur did they suggest his death, and in the suggestion offer no showing as to why it was not more timely made. The same attorneys appear for the representatives of Wagner. It is not asserted that the decision of the court is erroneous in point of law in any other respect than in the manner of its rendition. No injury is shown to have resulted from the decision, and no possible advantage is to be gained to the executrices of Wagner by granting this motion, other than that of unduly delaying and prolonging this litigation. By the judgment of this court the cause was remanded for a new trial. Upon the new trial in the superior court the proper substitution can be made and the litigation determined upon its merits.
The application to recall the remittitur and substitute his personal representatives in the place of Wagner, deceased, is, therefore, denied.