Opinion
June Term, 1857.
Where the beginning call in a grant is for a stake, and all the rest of the description is course and distance, the location of the land is impossible, on account of the vagueness of the description.
ACTION of EJECTMENT, tried before CALDWELL, Judge, at Spring Term, 1856, of Stanly Superior Court.
The plaintiff adduced title to the land in question, from the sovereign, by a grant from Gabriel Johnston, Esq., one of the provincial Governors, to Arthur Dobbs, and then introduced testimony to establish a possession of seven years, under color of title.
The grant to Arthur Dobbs contained the following description, viz: "A tract of land containing twelve thousand five hundred acres, being subdivided from tract No. 2, surveyed by Matthew Rowan, Esq., upon the branches of the great Pee Dee and Johnston Rivers, beginning at a stake, running thence north five hundred chains, thence west two hundred and fifty chains, thence south five hundred chains, and thence east two hundred and fifty chains to the first station, and bounded by the tract R. to the south and east, and T. to the west."
The counsel for the defendant moved the Court to instruct the jury that the Dobbs grant was void for uncertainly, and could not be located, which was declined by his Honor, for which the defendant excepted.
Verdict and judgment for the plaintiff, and appeal by the defendant.
No counsel appeared for the plaintiff in this Court.
Moore and Bryan, for defendant.
The objection in regard to the location of the grant to Dobbs, is fatal to the plaintiff's claim, and it is unnecessary to advert to any of the other points made in the Court below.
The grant has two descriptions: First, it is a grant of 12,500 acres, being a subdivision of tract No. 2, and it is bounded by tract R. on the south and east, and by the tract T on the west. If the tracts R and T could be identified, this description, under the rule id certum est quod certum reddi potest, would be sufficient to make out a location of the tract in question, by aid of the fact, that it is a paralellogram, which having three sides known, the fourth could be ascertained; but no proofs were offered for the purpose of identifying the tracts R and T. So this description may be put out of the case.
The second description is in these words: "Beginning at a stake, running thence north 500 chains, thence west 250 chains, thence south 500 chains, thence east 250 chains, to the first station." A stake is an imaginary point. There is no telling where it is. So, the grant has no beginning, this description being void on account of its vagueness; Massey v. Belisle, 2 Ire. Rep. 177. That was a stronger case than this; for the "stake" at the beginning, was in Gillespie's line; the next "stake" was in Hay street; the third "stake" had no description, and the fourth "stake" was in Gillespie's line. The Court say, "according to this description, its location was impossible, because, in law, it covered no land." "It is a settled rule of construction with us, that when stakes are mentioned in a deed simply, or with no other description but that of course and distance, they are intended to designate imaginary points. Every corner in this description is a stake or imaginary point;" "two are said to be in Gillespie's line, and one in Hay street, but in what part of Gillespie's line, or in what part of Hay street, the points are, can neither directly nor indirectly be discovered from this description."
In our case, the beginning is at a stake; in other words, at a point, and the other corners are points at the end of course and distance; so we have points with no other description than that of course and distance, and the main point, or beginning has no other description whatever. There is error, and there must be a venire de novo.
PER CURIAM. Judgment reversed.