Opinion
971 CA 13-01845.
10-03-2014
James W. JONES, Plaintiff–Appellant, v. COUNTY OF ERIE, American Site Developers LLC, Malcolm Pirnie, Inc., Defendants–Respondents, et al., Defendants.
Andrews, Bernstein, Maranto & Nicotra, PLLC, Buffalo (Andrew Connelly of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Appellant. Osborn, Reed & Burke, LLP, Rochester (L. Damien Costanza of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent County of Erie. Law Offices of Destin C. Santacrose, Buffalo (Destin C. Santacrose of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent American Site Developers LLC. Sugarman Law Firm, LLP, Buffalo (Carlton K. Brownell, III, of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent Malcolm Pirnie, Inc.
Andrews, Bernstein, Maranto & Nicotra, PLLC, Buffalo (Andrew Connelly of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Appellant.
Osborn, Reed & Burke, LLP, Rochester (L. Damien Costanza of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent County of Erie.
Law Offices of Destin C. Santacrose, Buffalo (Destin C. Santacrose of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent American Site Developers LLC.
Sugarman Law Firm, LLP, Buffalo (Carlton K. Brownell, III, of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent Malcolm Pirnie, Inc.
PRESENT: SMITH, J.P., FAHEY, LINDLEY, VALENTINO, AND DeJOSEPH, JJ.
Opinion
MEMORANDUM:Plaintiff commenced this action seeking damages for injuries he sustained when he fell out of a tree while trimming branches. The accident occurred on property owned by defendant County of Erie (County), which had hired defendant American Site Developers LLC (ASD) as a general contractor to clean up damage caused by a storm. Defendant Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. (MP) had been hired by the County to monitor the work, and plaintiff's employer was a subcontractor retained to trim damaged branches from trees. In his complaint, plaintiff asserted causes of action against the County, ASD and MP for common-law negligence and violations of Labor Law §§ 200, 240(1) and 241(6). Following discovery, the County, ASD and MP each moved separately for summary judgment dismissing the complaint as against it, and Supreme Court granted the motions. We affirm.
We reject plaintiff's contention that the court erred in dismissing his common-law negligence and Labor Law § 200 causes of action. Labor Law § 200 codifies “the common-law duty of a landowner to provide workers with a reasonably safe place to work” (Lombardi v. Stout, 80 N.Y.2d 290, 294, 590 N.Y.S.2d 55, 604 N.E.2d 117 ; see also Comes v. New York State Elec. & Gas Corp., 82 N.Y.2d 876, 877, 609 N.Y.S.2d 168, 631 N.E.2d 110 ; Jock v. Fien, 80 N.Y.2d 965, 967, 590 N.Y.S.2d 878, 605 N.E.2d 365 ), and it therefore encompasses the duty underlying plaintiff's negligence cause of action. A precondition to the duty under Labor Law § 200 “ ‘is that the party charged with that responsibility have the authority to control the activity bringing about the injury’ ” (Comes, 82 N.Y.2d at 877, 609 N.Y.S.2d 168, 631 N.E.2d 110, quoting Russin v. Picciano & Son, 54 N.Y.2d 311, 317, 445 N.Y.S.2d 127, 429 N.E.2d 805 ). Thus, liability under Labor Law § 200 cannot be imposed on a defendant if “there is no evidence that [the] defendant exercised supervisory control or had any input into how ” the plaintiff carried out the injury-producing work (Comes, 82 N.Y.2d at 877, 609 N.Y.S.2d 168, 631 N.E.2d 110 [emphasis added] ).
Here, all three moving defendants met their initial burdens of establishing as a matter of law that they did not have supervisory control over plaintiff's work and did not have input into how he performed his work. In response, plaintiff failed to raise an issue of fact (see generally Zuckerman v. City of New York, 49 N.Y.2d 557, 562, 427 N.Y.S.2d 595, 404 N.E.2d 718 ). Although the County had an employee who monitored plaintiff's work on the day in question, that employee did not control the manner and method of plaintiff's work; rather, her role was limited to making sure that plaintiff completed his work. Moreover, the County did not provide plaintiff with any of his equipment, which was provided by his employer. “Absent any evidence that [the County] gave anything more than general instructions as to what needed to be done, as opposed to how to do it, [the County] cannot be held liable under Labor Law § 200 or for common-law negligence” (O'Sullivan v. IDI Constr. Co., Inc., 28 A.D.3d 225, 226, 813 N.Y.S.2d 373, affd. 7 N.Y.3d 805, 822 N.Y.S.2d 745, 855 N.E.2d 1159 ; see Alonzo v. Safe Harbors of the Hudson Housing Dev. Fund Co., Inc., 104 A.D.3d 446, 449, 961 N.Y.S.2d 91 ). With respect to ASD and MP, plaintiff acknowledged during his deposition that he never took any instruction from employees of those two parties. In sum, we conclude that, because plaintiff's injuries arose from the “manner in which removal of the branch was ... undertaken,” and none of the moving defendants “had any input into how the branch was to be removed” (Lombardi, 80 N.Y.2d at 294–295, 590 N.Y.S.2d 55, 604 N.E.2d 117 ; see Byrd v. Roneker, 90 A.D.3d 1648, 1650, 936 N.Y.S.2d 434 ), the court properly dismissed the common-law negligence and section 200 causes of action as against each of them.
Finally, we reject plaintiff's contention that the County created the dangerous condition that caused his injuries. Plaintiff's contention is premised on the fact that a County employee informed him that he had to cut one remaining damaged branch if he wished to be paid for that tree. As the County points out, however, the dangers attendant to climbing the tree were inherent in the work itself and not created by the employee's directive (see Gasper v. Ford Motor Co., 13 N.Y.2d 104, 110–111, 242 N.Y.S.2d 205, 192 N.E.2d 163 ; see also Vega v. Restani Constr. Corp., 18 N.Y.3d 499, 506, 942 N.Y.S.2d 13, 965 N.E.2d 240 ; Anderson v. Bush Indus.,
Inc., 280 A.D.2d 949, 950, 720 N.Y.S.2d 699 ).
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs.