Opinion
1:22-CV-3668
12-12-2023
TREMAIN JOHNSON v. STATE FARM FIRE & CASUALTY CO., ET AL.
JUDGE DONALD E. WALTER
REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
KATHLEEN KAY, MAGISTRATE JUDGE
Before the court is a Motion for Summary Judgment filed by defendants State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. and State Farm General Insurance Co. (“Defendants”). Doc. 20. Pro se plaintiff has not opposed the motion. The motion has been referred to the undersigned for review, report, and recommendation in accordance with the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636.
For the following reasons, it is RECOMMENDED that the Motion for Summary Judgment [doc. 20] be GRANTED and that this matter be DISMISSED WITH PREJUDICE. In the alternative, it is RECOMMENDED that this matter be DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE for plaintiff's failure to prosecute and failure to abide by orders of the court.
I.
Background
The firm McClenny Moseley & Associates, PLLC (“MMA”) filed this suit on plaintiff's behalf, alleging that plaintiff's property was damaged by Hurricane Laura in 2020 and that defendants provided a policy of insurance covering that damage. Doc. 1. In this and 77 other similarly situated suits, defendants Dover Bay Specialty Insurance Company, State Farm Fire and Casualty Company, and State Farm General Insurance Company filed a single motion alleging that summary judgment was warranted in all of the listed cases because the insurer defendants had never issued a policy of insurance to any of named plaintiffs. Doc. MSJ doc. 20.
Movant Dover Bay Specialty Insurance Company is not a party to this suit, and named defendant State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. is not listed as a movant on the motion for summary judgment. The motion is supported, however, by affidavit evidence pertaining to all four State Farm affiliates, including non-movant State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. Doc. 20, att. 4.
Following receipt of the omnibus motion for summary judgment, the undersigned set a show cause hearing in this and several similar matters to determine whether the attorney signatory to the complaint should be sanctioned, reasoning:
Should the facts asserted by defendants in their Motion for Summary Judgment prove to be true, then it appears as though sanctions may be in order pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. Rule 11(b)(2) in that the claims of the original complaint are not warranted by existing law or under Rule 11(b)(3) in that the factual contentions have no evidentiary support.Doc. 25. Plaintiff Tremain Johnson was ordered to attend the show cause hearing in person. Id.
Although plaintiff did not appear at the May 12, 2023, the show cause hearing as ordered, respondent counsel appeared and gave evidence. Doc. 28. On the undersigned's recommendation, the district judge ordered that counsel be sanctioned because he failed to make a satisfactory Rule 11 inquiry into the factual assertions of the complaint. Doc. 31 (adopting Report and Recommendation, doc. 29).
Plaintiff became a pro se litigant by operation of an order of this court styled “Order Terminating Former MMA Counsel from Proceedings, Designating Plaintiff a Pro Se Litigant, and Other Matters” (the “Termination Order”). Doc. 32. The Termination Order set a November 30, 2023, status conference that plaintiff was ordered to attend in person. The Termination Order cautioned plaintiff that
Should plaintiff fail to appear for this conference without having retained new counsel or without having sought to dismiss this suit by use of the attachment or otherwise, that failure to appear may result in adverse consequences such as a recommendation by the undersigned to the
district court that the case be dismissed for failure of plaintiff to prosecute or abide by court orders.Id. (emphasis original). The Termination Order also set a deadline for plaintiff to respond to defendants' motion for summary judgment and set the motion for hearing on November 30, 2023.
The court held the status conference and motion hearing on November 30, 2023, in the Alexandria Division of the Western District of Louisiana. Doc. 33. Plaintiff did not appear for the status conference as instructed. Id. Plaintiff filed no response to the motion for summary judgment.
II.
Analysis
A. Defendants' Motion
In support of their motion for summary judgment, defendants attach the affidavit of Lisa Michele Deen, Claim Team Manager for all defendants, who states under oath that she has searched the records of all named defendants and none of them had a homeowner's policy in effect for plaintiff individually or the property that is the subject of this lawsuit. Doc. MSJ doc. 20, att. 4. Accordingly, defendants request that the court issue summary judgment dismissing all claims against them.
Defendant State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. is not listed as a movant on the motion for summary judgment. The motion is supported, however, by affidavit evidence pertaining to all four State Farm affiliates, including non-movant State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. Doc. 20, att. 4. The motion will be treated as pertaining to all claims against all defendants herein.
B. Summary Judgment Standard
A court shall grant a motion for summary judgment when the movant shows “that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a). The party moving for summary judgment is initially responsible for identifying portions of pleadings and discovery that show the lack of a genuine issue of material fact. Tubacex, Inc. v. M/V Risan, 45 F.3d 951, 954 (5th Cir. 1995). The moving party can meet its summary judgment burden by showing “that there is an absence of evidence to support the nonmoving party's case.” Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2554 (1986).
If the movant makes this showing, the burden then shifts to the non-moving party to “set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 106 S.Ct. 2505, 2511 (1986) (quotations omitted). “[A] plaintiff cannot establish a genuine issue of material fact by resting on the mere allegations of its pleadings.” Russell v. Harrison, 736 F.2d 283, 287 (5th Cir. 1984). Instead, the nonmovant must submit “significant probative evidence” in support of his claim. State Farm Life Ins. Co. v. Gutterman, 896 F.2d 116, 118 (5th Cir. 1990). The court must view all evidence in the light most favorable to the non-moving party and draw all reasonable inferences in that party's favor. Clift v. Clift, 210 F.3d 268, 270 (5th Cir. 2000).
C. Summary Judgment Where Plaintiff has Produced no Policy of Insurance.
“The issue of whether an insurance policy, as a matter of law, provides or precludes coverage is a dispute that can be resolved properly within the framework of a motion for summary judgment.” Dixon v. Direct Gen. Ins. Co. of Louisiana, 2008-0907 (La.App. 1 Cir. 3/27/09), 12 So.3d 357, 360. “A plaintiff suing on an insurance contract has the burden of establishing the existence of the policy ... and its terms and provisions.” Coleman v. Anco Insulations, Inc., 196 F.Supp.3d 608, 610 (M.D. La. 2016) (alteration original).
Plaintiff is unrepresented, so we assess this summary judgment motion with special care.
Summary judgment may not be appropriate in all circumstances when plaintiff cannot meet the initial burden of proving the existence of a valid contract of insurance. Louisiana law allows for the possibility that a contract could be “destroyed, lost, or stolen[,]” and proved by alternate means. La. Civ. Code art. 1832. And summary judgment could be premature in the context of complex litigation where coverage is the subject of debate. See, e.g., Coleman v. Anco Insulations, Inc., 196 F.Supp.3d 608, 610-11 (M.D. La. 2016) (denying insurer's motion for summary judgment as premature).
The simplicity of the coverage issue here, however, convinces us that summary judgment is appropriate because there is simply no indication that these defendants issued a relevant policy of insurance. Via affidavit, defendants have borne the initial burden of showing that they issued no policy of insurance covering this plaintiff or property, and plaintiff has not satisfied the burden of showing that a genuine issue of material fact exists on that issue.
The court has provided plaintiff ample opportunity to provide the policy of insurance or argue why defendants could be liable for the damages described in the complaint. Plaintiff's complaint neither attaches the alleged policy nor provides a policy number, and far from explaining why the policy is not available, the complaint recounts that defendants, when asked for the policy number, have “either not yet responded or otherwise denied Plaintiff's request for the production of its policy number.” Doc. 1, p. 1-2. At the hearings conducted on May 12, 2023, and November 30, 2023, plaintiff had an opportunity to appear and present evidence. Having failed to do so, plaintiff has failed to “set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 106 S.Ct. 2505, 2511 (1986) (quotations omitted). The undersigned therefore the recommends that defendants' motion for summary judgment be granted.
D. Alternate recommendation that the matter be dismissed for failure to prosecute.
Alternatively, should the district judge find summary judgment inappropriate, we recommend dismissal for failure to prosecute. Rule 1 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, defining the scope and purpose of the rules governing procedure in civil actions and proceedings, instructs us to construe, administer, and employ the rules “to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action and proceeding.” Rule 41(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure “allows the district court to dismiss an action upon the motion of a defendant, or upon its own motion, for failure to prosecute.” Berry v. CIGNA/RSI-CIGNA, 975 F.2d 1188, 1190 (5th Cir. 1992); see also Campbell v. Wilkinson, 988 F.3d 798, 801 (5th Cir. 2021) (discussing Berry). “The power to invoke this sanction is necessary in order to prevent undue delays in the disposition of pending cases and to avoid congestion in the calendars of the District Courts.” Link v. Wabash R. R. Co., 82 S.Ct. 1386, 1388 (1962). Such dismissal is appropriate here.
IV.
Conclusion
For the foregoing reasons, IT IS RECOMMENDED that the Motion for Summary Judgment [doc. 20] be GRANTED, and that this matter and all of plaintiff's claims against State Farm Fire & Casualty Co., State Farm General Insurance Co., and State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. be DISMISSED WITH PREJUDICE.
In the alternative, we RECOMMEND that this matter be DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE for plaintiff's failure to prosecute and failure to abide by the orders of the court.
Under the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636 and Rule 72 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, parties have fourteen (14) days from receipt of this Report and Recommendation to file written objections with the Clerk of Court. A party may respond to another party's objections within fourteen (14) days after being served with a copy thereof. Failure to file written objections to the proposed factual findings and/or the proposed legal conclusions reflected in this Report and Recommendation within fourteen (14) days following the date of receipt shall bar an aggrieved party from attacking either the factual findings or the legal conclusions accepted by the District Court, except upon grounds of plain error. See Douglas v. United Services Automobile Ass'n, 79 F.3d 1415, 1429-30 (5th Cir. 1996).
THUS DONE AND SIGNED.