Opinion
2013-03-22
Maria L. JAOUDE, Plaintiff–Appellant, v. Matthew E. HANNAH, L.P. Parnassos and Rita J. Biondo, Defendants–Respondents. (Appeal No. 2.)
Lawrence A. Schulz, Orchard Park, for Plaintiff–Appellant. Harris Beach PLLC, Pittsford (A. Vincent Buzard of Counsel), for Defendants–Respondents Matthew E. Hannah and L.P. Parnassos.
Lawrence A. Schulz, Orchard Park, for Plaintiff–Appellant. Harris Beach PLLC, Pittsford (A. Vincent Buzard of Counsel), for Defendants–Respondents Matthew E. Hannah and L.P. Parnassos.
Hagelin Kent LLC, Buffalo (Victor Wright of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent Rita J. Biondo.
PRESENT: CENTRA, J.P., PERADOTTO, CARNI, SCONIERS, AND WHALEN, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
Plaintiff commenced this action to recover damages for injuries she allegedly sustained as a result of a motor vehicle accident involving defendant Matthew E. Hannah and a second motor vehicle accident, which occurred approximately 45 minutes later, involving defendant Rita J. Biondo. At the time of the accident, Hannah was driving a utility truck owned by his employer, defendant L.P. Parnassos (Parnassos), during the course of his employment, and any liability on the part of Parnassos would be vicarious only ( see generally Fenster v. Ellis, 71 A.D.3d 1079, 1080, 898 N.Y.S.2d 582).
A jury trial was held during which Biondo conceded that she was negligent in the operation of her vehicle. Following the trial, the jury returned a verdict of no cause of action based on its determination that Hannah was not negligent in the operation of his vehicle and that plaintiff had not sustained a serious injury as a result of the accident with Biondo. Plaintiff appeals from an order and judgment that, inter alia, denied her motion seeking to set aside the verdict as against the weight of the evidence or, in the alternative, seeking judgment notwithstanding the verdict on the issues of negligence and causation. We reject plaintiff's contention that Supreme Court erred in denying her motion.
“A jury verdict should not be set aside as against the weight of the evidence unless the verdict could not have been reached upon any fair interpretation of the evidence” ( Enright v. Bryne, 20 A.D.3d 549, 549, 799 N.Y.S.2d 259;see Garrett v. Manaser, 8 A.D.3d 616, 616, 779 N.Y.S.2d 565;Aprea v. Franco, 292 A.D.2d 478, 478, 739 N.Y.S.2d 727). “The determination of the jury, which observed the witnesses and the evidence, is entitled to great deference” ( Enright, 20 A.D.3d at 549, 799 N.Y.S.2d 259;see Hernandez v. Carter & Parr Mobile, 224 A.D.2d 586, 587, 638 N.Y.S.2d 686).
We conclude that the verdict with respect to Hannah was not against the weight of the evidence. Plaintiff's accident with Hannah occurred shortly after a significant snowstorm, which resulted in extensive tree damage, as well as power and overhead utility line damage. Hannah was in the process of backing out of a driveway when his vehicle collided with plaintiff's vehicle. Hannah testified that, as he was backing up, he was driving at a rate of speed of between one and two miles per hour and had engaged the rear back-up lights and alarm, as well as two flashing yellow beacon lights located on the truck's roof. He also testified that his line of sight was obstructed by piles of tree branches and snow on both sides of the driveway. Plaintiff testified that she never saw Hannah's vehicle prior to the collision. Thus, based on the evidence presented at trial, the jury could reasonably conclude that Hannah was not negligent in his operation of the utility truck. Inasmuch as the jury's verdict with respect to Hannah was supported by a fair interpretation of the evidence, we decline to disturb it. We also conclude that the verdict with respect to Biondo was not against the weight of the evidence. It cannot be said that the evidence regarding plaintiff's alleged serious injury preponderates so heavily in plaintiff's favor that the verdict with respect to that issue could not have been reached on any fair interpretation of the evidence ( see Lopreiato v. Scotti, 101 A.D.3d 829, 829–830, 954 N.Y.S.2d 895).
Contrary to plaintiff's alternative contention with respect to Hannah, she was not entitled to judgment notwithstanding the verdict on the issue of Hannah's alleged negligence ( see generally Cohen v. Hallmark Cards, 45 N.Y.2d 493, 499, 410 N.Y.S.2d 282, 382 N.E.2d 1145). Contrary to plaintiff's alternative contention with respect to Biondo, she was not entitled to judgment notwithstanding the verdict determining that, as a result of the accident, she sustained a serious injury. Given the conflicting testimony of plaintiff's experts and defendants' expert on the issues whether plaintiff sustained a serious injury and the causation of her alleged injuries, it cannot be said that there is “no valid line of reasoning and permissible inferences which could possibly lead rational [persons] to the conclusion reached by the jury on the basis of the evidence presented at trial” ( id. at 499, 410 N.Y.S.2d 282, 382 N.E.2d 1145;see Pawlaczyk v. Jones, 26 A.D.3d 822, 823, 809 N.Y.S.2d 737,lv. denied7 N.Y.3d 701, 818 N.Y.S.2d 191, 850 N.E.2d 1166).
Finally, we reject plaintiff's contention that the court committed reversible error by permitting the attorney for Hannah and Parnassos to cross-examine plaintiff using physical therapy and medical records that were not in evidence. Even assuming, arguendo, that the court erred in permitting that line of questioning, we conclude that the error “would not have affected the result” of this action and that any such error therefore is harmless ( Palmer v. Wright & Kremers, 62 A.D.2d 1170, 1170, 404 N.Y.S.2d 471;see Cook v. Oswego County, 90 A.D.3d 1674, 1675, 935 N.Y.S.2d 813).
It is hereby ORDERED that the order and judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs.