Opinion
No. 12-06-00391-CV.
Opinion delivered December 20, 2006.
Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Griffith, J., and Hoyle, J.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Melody Anne Obeso Verhage seeks a writ of mandamus requiring Respondent, the Honorable Daniel B. Childs, Judge of the County Court at Law, Cherokee County, Texas, to comply with this court's mandate issued pursuant to our decision in Verhage v. Verhage , No. 12-04-00309-CV, 2006 WL 1791565 (Tex.App.-Tyler 2006, no pet.) (mem. op.). The real party in interest is John Verhage. We conditionally grant the writ.
BACKGROUND
On June 30, 2006, we issued our opinion in Verhage reversing a decree of annulment and remanding the case to the trial court for the entry of a divorce decree consistent with our opinion. Id. , at *7. In an amended judgment dated July 12, 2006, we ordered the trial court to vacate certain findings of fact and to amend certain other findings of fact by deleting the language specifically identified in our judgment. Our mandate issued in enforcement of our judgment on September 5, 2006.
On August 14, 2006, Melody Verhage filed a motion requesting the trial court to sign final amended findings of fact and conclusions of law ("amended findings") in conformity to our amended judgment. The trial court held a hearing on the motion and thereafter refused to sign the amended findings. The next day, John Verhage filed a motion for new trial alleging that the "findings of fact and conclusions of law made by the court are against the great weight and preponderance of the evidence." Melody filed a motion requesting the trial court to reconsider its refusal to sign the amended findings. At a hearing on September 22, 2006, the trial court heard both motions. Melody again contended that the amended findings were required by our amended judgment. John urged that he was entitled to a new trial on the issue of whether the 2000 Ford Mustang was community property rather than Melody's separate property as previously found by the trial court. The trial court granted John's motion for new trial, "in the interest of justice," on the issue of "the separate or community property status of the 2000 Ford Mustang and the balance of division of community property that may result therefrom." The trial court stated in its order that the amended findings of fact "are, in some respects, conditioned upon [the] final finding in the new trial and are therefore reserved." This original proceeding followed.
AVAILABILITY OF MANDAMUS
Mandamus is available to correct a clear abuse of discretion or violation of a legal duty imposed. Walker v. Packer , 827 S.W.2d 833, 840 (Tex. 1992). Moreover, there must be no other adequate remedy at law. Id. When the trial court's discretion is addressed to a factual issue, the relator must establish that the trial court's decision was contrary to the only decision reasonable under the circumstances. Johnson v. Fourth Court of Appeals , 700 S.W.2d 916, 917 (Tex. 1985). A trial court has no discretion to determine the applicable law, and the failure of the trial court to correctly apply the law will constitute an abuse of discretion. Walker , 827 S.W.2d at 839-40.
"When the trial court clerk receives the mandate, the appellate court's mandate must be enforced." TEX. R. APP. P. 51.1(b). A trial court must observe and carry out an appellate court's mandate. Schliemann v. Garcia , 685 S.W.2d 690, 692 (Tex.App.-San Antonio 1984, orig. proceeding). A trial court's failure or refusal to comply with a court of appeals mandate is an abuse of discretion. Lee v. Downey , 842 S.W.2d 646, 648 (Tex. 1992) (orig. proceeding). A court of appeals may issue mandamus to enforce the trial court's compliance with its mandate. Curtis v. Nobles , 588 S.W.2d 687, 688 (Tex.App.-Amarillo 1979, orig. proceeding).
THE TRIAL COURT'S DISCRETION
When a case is remanded with instructions, the authority of the trial court is limited, and no issue can be tried except under the authority of the mandate. Contemporary Health Mgmt. v. Palacios , 832 S.W.2d 743, 747 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1992, no writ); Michna v. City of Houston , 534 S.W.2d 728, 730 (Tex.App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1976, writ ref'd n.r.e.). Here, the trial court granted a new trial on the characterization of the 2000 Ford Mustang and any resulting property division. Our mandate did not authorize a retrial of these issues. Therefore, the trial court abused its discretion in granting John's motion for new trial. See Contemporary Health Mgmt. , 832 S.W.2d at 747; Michna , 534 S.W.2d at 730.
Moreover, our amended judgment ordered the trial court to vacate certain findings included in the decree of annulment; to vacate or amend, as specified, certain findings dated November 2, 2004; and to vacate certain findings dated November 22, 2004. The amended judgment identifies by number and date the findings to be vacated or amended. Further, as to the November 22, 2004 findings that are to be amended, the amended judgment identifies the language that is to be deleted from each such finding. We have reviewed the proposed amended findings and conclude that they conform to the requirements of our amended judgment. Therefore, to carry out our mandate, the trial court was required to sign the findings. See Schliemann , 685 S.W.2d at 692. Its failure to do so constitutes an abuse of discretion. See Lee , 842 S.W.2d at 648.
CONCLUSION
Having held that the trial court abused its discretion in failing to carry out our mandate, we conditionally grant the writ of mandamus. Id. However, we are confident that the trial court will, within ten days of the date of this opinion and order, (1) vacate its September 28, 2006 order granting John's motion for new trial and reserving Melody's requested amended findings, (2) issue an order denying John's motion for new trial, (3) issue an order granting Melody's motion for reconsideration of the trial court's refusal to sign the proposed amended findings, and (4) sign the amended findings. The writ of mandamus will issue only if it does not.