Opinion
Argued and Submitted May 13, 2003.
NOT FOR PUBLICATION. (See Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure Rule 36-3)
Arrestee brought action against various city officials, including district attorney, alleging § 1983, civil Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO), and coram nobis claims. The United States District Court for the Central District of California, 2001 WL 837697, Gary A. Feess, J., dismissed action. Arrestee appealed. The Court of Appeals held that: (1) claims accrued, for limitations purposes, on dates of arrest, prosecution, and incarceration, and (2) tolling of limitations period for RICO claim was not warranted.
Affirmed. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Gary A. Feess, District Judge, Presiding.
Before TASHIMA, BERZON, and CLIFTON, Circuit Judges.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and may not be cited to or by the courts of this circuit except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
D'N Hunter appeals the district court's dismissal, under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6), of his 42 U.S.C. § 1983, RICO, and coram nobis claims against Los Angeles officials. He also appeals the district
Page 71.
court's decision to grant absolute prosecutorial immunity from civil RICO claims to former District Attorney Gilbert Garcetti. Reviewing de novo, we affirm the district court's dismissal. We recount the facts only as necessary to explain our result.
1. A § 1983 claim accrues when a plaintiff knows or has reason to know of the injury upon which his claim is based. Cabrera v. City of Huntington Park, 159 F.3d 374, 379 (9th Cir.1998). At all relevant times, the statute of limitations for § 1983 claims in California was one year. Id. at 377; Cal.Civ.Proc.Code § 340.3 (1999). Hunter filed his lawsuit on December 6, 1999, more than one year after he had reason to know of the injuries upon which his § 1983 claims were based.
Assuming common law equitable tolling would be available, no facts constituting elements of Hunter's cause of action were concealed from him. And taking into account statutory tolling available to Hunter under California law, see Cal.Civ.Proc.Code §§ 352.1, 945.3, Hunter's § 1983 claims remain untimely.
2. A RICO action accrues when a plaintiff knows or should know of the injury that underlies his cause of action. See Pincay v. Andrews, 238 F.3d 1106, 1109 (9th Cir.2001); see also Rotella v. Wood, 528 U.S. 549, 120 S.Ct. 1075, 145 L.Ed.2d 1047 (2000) (rejecting accrual rule based on discovery of racketeering pattern). Hunter knew or had reason to know of his alleged injuries in 1992 when, according to his allegations, he was arrested, convicted, and incarcerated for a crime he did not commit, thereby removing him from the workforce. Civil RICO claims have a four year statute of limitations. Pincay, 238 F.3d at 1108. Hunter's RICO claims, filed on December 6, 1999, are therefore untimely unless equitably tolled.
Although Hunter has alleged in general terms fraudulent concealment of facts relevant to his claim, he has not "plead[ed] with particularity the facts giving rise to the fraudulent concealment claim and ... establish[ed] that [he] used due diligence in trying to uncover the facts." Volk v. Davidson & Co., 816 F.2d 1406, 1415-16 (9th Cir.1987) (citation omitted); see also Grimmett v. Brown, 75 F.3d 506, 514 (9th Cir.1996). His RICO claims are therefore time-barred. We do not reach defendants' other contentions as to whether Hunter has otherwise stated a RICO claim.
3. Hunter also appeals the district court's denial of a writ of coram nobis. Federal coram nobis relief is unavailable for state criminal convictions. Hensley v. Municipal Court, 453 F.2d 1252 n. 2 (9th Cir.1972), rev'd on other grounds, Hensley v. Municipal Court, 411 U.S. 345, 93 S.Ct. 1571, 36 L.Ed.2d 294 (1973); Madigan v. Wells, 224 F.2d 577, 578 n. 2 (9th Cir.1955). Dismissal of Hunter's coram nobis claim was therefore proper.
4. Because we determine that Hunter's RICO claims are time-barred, we need not determine whether former District Attorney Garcetti enjoys prosecutorial immunity against Hunter's civil RICO claims.
AFFIRMED.