Opinion
Appeal from the District Court of the Fifth Judicial District, County of San Joaquin.
The appeal is taken by Barton Daniels, from an order granting a writ of assistance and an order refusing to set aside such writ. The plaintiff Henderson, in an action against Nathaniel McTucker, obtained a decree of foreclosure May 18th, 1871, under which, at the Sheriff's sale, he purchased the land. After the six months time allowed for redemption had elapsed he obtained a deed from the Sheriff, and on the 22d of October, 1872, procured an order granting a writ of assistance to place him in possession. Thereupon, Daniels moved to set aside the writ, and in support of the motion filed an affidavit by the defendant McTucker, stating that he had abandoned the premises September 28th, 1872, for the reason that he had no title to or interest in the land; that he was informed and believed that a patent for a portion of the land had been issued by the State to Mary McTucker September 13th, 1871, and on the same date a patent for the remaining portions had been given to John McTucker, deceased husband of Mary McTucker, and that Daniels was in possession under a lease made September 26th, 1872, for one year, by Mary McTucker and the administrator of her husband's estate. The affidavit of Daniels also was filed, stating the same facts and adding that neither he, Mary McTucker, the heirs, nor the administrator, had been made parties to the foreclosure suit or to the decree, and that they had had no notice of any of the proceedings. A copy of the lease to Daniels and of the patents were filed with the affidavits. In opposition to the motion, the plaintiff filed his affidavit, stating that Jacob Morss and William Morss, having received certificates of purchase for the land, conveyed it to the defendant, who, to secure the purchase money, executed a mortgage of the land to Jacob Morss, which was afterwards assigned to the plaintiff; that subsequently the defendant executed a mortgage of the land to John McTucker, and at the same time assigned to him a certificate of purchase for a part of the land, and assigned to Mary McTucker a certificate of purchase for the other portion. He also set out other matter tending to show a preconcerted plan to enable the heirs of John McTucker to secure a patent to the land and to prevent the plaintiff from obtaining possession of it. The motion to set aside the writ of assistance was denied, and the plaintiff appealed.
COUNSEL:
As neither Mary McTucker nor any of the other heirs of John McTucker, deceased, were parties to the action in which the foreclosure decree was rendered, but claim title to the land from the State of California, Barton Daniels, who was not a party to the decree, had a right to take a lease thereof from the heirs of John McTucker; and under such lease, to take and maintain possession of the premises against the plaintiff. Their rights had not been determined or affected by the decree, and therefore the decree cannot be used as a weapon of attack upon their rights. The writ was improvidently issued, and should be set aside and Daniels restored to his possession. (Betts v. Birdsell, 11 Abb. Pr. Rep. 222; Burton v. Lies , 21 Cal. 87; Tevis v. Hicks , 38 Cal. 241; Montgomery v. Tutt , 11 Cal. 190; Whitney v. Higgins , 10 Cal. 547; Harlan v. Rackerby , 24 Cal. 561; Steinbach v. Leese , 27 Cal. 297.
Armstrong & Hinckson and W. S. Buckley, for Appellant.
Byers & Elliott and D. S. Terry, for Respondent.
Appellant havingentered after the foreclosure of the respondent's mortgage, and with actual knowledge of all the proceedings, was properly dispossessed. (Montgomery v. Middlemas , 21 Cal. 103; Montgomery v. Byers, id. 107; Burton v. Lies, id. 87.)
OPINION By the Court:
The defendant Nathaniel McTucker held no greater interest in the premises at the time of the foreclosure of the mortgage than the mortgagor had at its execution, and that interest was such as accrued by virtue of the certificates of purchase. The patents for the lands were issued to other parties--those under whom Daniels entered upon the premises. The question as to whether the plaintiff is entitled to the benefit of those patents as against the patentees and the holders of the second mortgage, is one which might be determined by a Court of equity, and, indeed, is peculiarly of equitable cognizance. It could be determined only in an action in which all the parties in interest--both the holders of the patent and the second mortgagees--are before the Court, and could not be litigated in a motion for a writ of assistance. The order of the Court directing the writ of assistance to issue as against Daniels, was erroneous.
Order reversed as to Barton Daniels, and cause remanded, with directions to enter an order that he be restored to the possession of the premises.