Summary
In Russell, a police officer was asked during the State's case about how the defendant responded when he was told he had been charged with rape. The exchange in question took place after the defendant was arrested, but before Miranda warnings were given. In answer to the prosecutor's question, the officer said the defendant's only response was to ask how much bail money was required.
Summary of this case from State v. MaggardOpinion
Argued November 3, 1988.
December 19, 1988.
Civil procedure — Denial of summary judgment — Interlocutory order — Immunity defense.
1. The denial of a motion for summary judgment, including one raising the defense of official immunity, is interlocutory and therefore not appealable. [227]
Argued November 3, 1988, before Judges BARRY, COLINS and McGINLEY, sitting as a panel of three.
Appeal No. 1196 C.D. 1988, from the order of the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County, in the case of Russell T. Thompson and Lois L. Thompson, his wife v. Lucinda Hammond, Individually and in her official capacity as a Pennsylvania State Trooper; Corporal Ronald Prough, Supervising Officer of the Pennsylvania State Police, Individually and in his official capacity; and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania State Police, No. 3950 S 1985.
Nine-Count complaint filed in the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County against individual state troopers and Pennsylvania State Police. Troopers filed motion for summary judgment. State Police filed motion for judgment on the pleadings. Troopers' motion for summary judgment granted on Counts 1, 2 and 8. Motion denied in all other respects. Motion for judgment on the pleadings granted. NATALE, J. Troopers appealed to the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania. Plaintiffs filed motion to quash appeal. Held: Motion to quash granted. Application for reargument filed and denied.
John G. Knorr, III, Chief Deputy Attorney General, Chief, Litigation Section, with him, LeRoy S. Zimmerman, Attorney General, for appellants.
Joseph M. Melillo, Angino Rovner, P.C., for appellees.
Trooper Lucinda Hammond and Corporal Ronald Prough of the Pennsylvania State Police (appellants) appeal an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County which, on a nine-Count complaint against the appellants and the Pennsylvania State Police (State Police), granted the State Police's motion for judgment on the pleadings and granted partial summary judgment in favor of the appellants with respect to Counts 1, 2, and 8 of the complaint. The Court of Common Pleas denied the appellants' motion for summary judgment on the remaining Counts. Appellees' motion to quash the subsequent appeal is now before the Court.
This suit alleging civil rights violations and various intentional torts was instituted by Russell T. and Lois L. Thompson (appellees) in November of 1985. In 1980, Russell Thompson was employed as a police officer for the Borough of Carlisle. At the request of the Carlisle Chief of Police, the State Police began an undercover investigation of appellee. Appellant Hammond was assigned to work the case and become acquainted with Thompson. The two met about ten times between 1980 and 1981. The topic of their discussions was usually drug-related and appellee Thompson's purported ability to obtain the same. After 10 months of the investigation with Trooper Hammond constantly requesting that Thompson provide her with drugs, Thompson provided Hammond with 4.5 grams of marijuana.
Appellant Prough recommended that drug charges not be filed against Thompson. However, the District Attorney for Dauphin County disagreed and appellee Thompson was arrested on May 1, 1981, and charged with unlawful delivery of a controlled substance and conspiracy. Appellee Thompson raised the defense of entrapment in his pretrial motions and at trial, but was convicted by a jury. His post-trial motions were denied. However, on appeal to the Superior Court, a 2-to-1 majority held that there had been entrapment as a matter of law. Commonwealth v. Thompson, 335 Pa. Super. 332, 484 A.2d 159 (1984).
As a result of the drug arrest, the Borough of Carlisle terminated appellee as a police officer. In October of 1981, Thompson was rehired by the Borough of Carlisle in a non-police capacity. In 1982, he was arrested and convicted in Dauphin County on the charge of soliciting a prostitute. As a result of this conviction, appellee Thompson did not seek reinstatement to the Borough of Carlisle Police Department, but only sought back-pay from the period of May to October, 1981. After the disposition of the appellee's criminal charges, the Civil Service Commission held a hearing in which it denied Thompson's appeal, finding that there was just cause for his dismissal from the force. Thompson did not appeal this decision.
The first two Counts of appellees' nine-Count complaint alleged civil rights violations. These two Counts were removed to the Federal District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. The remaining Counts (3 through 9) were remanded to the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County. Summary judgment was granted to Counts 1 and 2 by the District Court on the basis that the appellees' conduct did not amount to due process violations. This was affirmed by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals and the United States Supreme Court denied certiorari. The appellees reasserted Counts 1 and 2 in state court on their complaint and all nine Counts proceeded before the trial court. When the pleadings were closed, the appellants moved for summary judgment on the basis of immunity. Furthermore, the State Police moved for judgment on the pleadings on the ground of sovereign immunity. The appellees did not oppose the appellants' motion with respect to Counts 1, 2, and 8, and they did not oppose the motion of the State Police at all. Judgment on the pleadings was granted on May 16, 1988, for the State Police on all Counts and summary judgment for the appellants was granted on Counts 1, 2, and 8.
Thompson v. Hammond, (No. 85-1807, M.D. Pa., filed Jan. 7, 1987).
Thompson v. Hammond, (No. 87-5103, 3rd Cir., filed Nov. 2, 1987).
Thompson v. Hammond, 106 S.Ct. 1026 (1988).
The appellants are seeking review of a denial of summary judgment, the denial of which is an interlocutory order and, thus, not appealable. Gwiszcz v. City of Philadelphia, 121 Pa. Commw. 376, 550 A.2d 880 (1988); Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission v. Atlantic Richfield Co., 482 Pa. 615, 394 A.2d 491 (1978). See also Pa. R.A.P. 311.
The appellants argue that this matter is appealable under the Collateral Order Doctrine of Bell v. Beneficial Consumer Discount Co., 465 Pa. 225, 348 A.2d 734 (1975). Furthermore, the appellants rely on Mitchell v. Forsythe, 472 U.S. 511 (1985), for the legal premise that the denial of a claim of official immunity is a collateral order which is immediately appealable. This same argument was advanced in Gwiszcz, and we held that, "[i]n Pennsylvania, an immunity defense does not, in and of itself, entitle a litigant to appellate review of an interlocutory order." Id. at 379, 550 A.2d at 881.
Therefore, because the appellants have not established that the trial court's order is an appealable interlocutory order under the Collateral Order Doctrine, the appellees' motion to quash is hereby granted.
ORDER
AND NOW, this 19th day of December, 1988, the appellees' motion to quash in the above-captioned matter is hereby granted.