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entering judgment against the defendants after trial where the court found that defendants either used a black box to descramble the cable signal or spliced the cable from a residential account
Summary of this case from Joe Hand Promotions, Inc. v. MaupinOpinion
No. 06-1088-cv.
April 5, 2007.
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED, that the judgment of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York (Chin, J.) is AFFIRMED.
Teresita Rodriguez, Law Office of Heriberto J. Rodriguez, P.C., Bronx, NY, for Defendants-Appellants
Nicholas Cartagena, Lonstein Law Office, PC, EUenville, NY, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
PRESENT: Hon. WILFRED FEINBERG, Hon. SONIA SOTOMAYOR, Hon. ROBERT A. KATZMANN, Circuit Judges.
SUMMARY ORDER
Defendant-appellant Luis Polanco appeals from the February 7, 2006 judgment in favor of Garden City Boxing Club, Inc. and against the defendants-appellants, joinly and severally, for violating 47 U.S.C. §§ 553 and 605(a), for the illegal reception of a pay-per-view broadcast for their own benefit and the benefit of others. We assume the parties' familiarity with the facts of this case, its relevant procedural history, and the issues on appeal.
Reviewing a district court judge's finding of fact under a clearly erroneous standard, New Windsor Volunteer Ambulance Corps. Inc. v. Meyers, 442 F.3d 101, 112 (2d Cir. 2006), with due regard given to the opportunity of the trial court to judge the credibility of witnesses, Fed.R.Civ.P. 52, this Court finds no merit to Polanco's argument that the court erred in disregarding the appellant's witnesses and relying on the testimony of the appellee's witnesses in finding that the pay-per-view event had been received illegally and shown in the appellant's restaurant. The district court's finding that the event was shown in the appellant's restaurant was based on the investigator's testimony, supported by his affidavit which was corroborated by a video taped recording of the pay-per-view program. In addition, the court's finding that the event could only have been received by illegal means was supported by the testimony of the event promoter that the appellants had not subscribed to the event, and the only means of showing the event would have been by deception. See Time Warner Cable of N.Y. City v. Googies Luncheonette, Inc., 77 F.Supp.2d 485, 490 (S.D.N.Y. 1999) (notingthat "[s]ignals do not descramble spontaneously, nor do television sets connect themselves tocable distribution systems").
In addition, the district court, relying on this Court's finding in Int'l Cablevision, Inc. v. Sykes, 75 F.3d 123 (2d Cir. 1996), that 47 U.S.C. §§ 605 and 553 overlap and are both applicable when a satellite communication is subsequently transmitted by cable, id. at 132, did not err in awarding damages under § 605. Even if the illegally received transmission was not received over a cable system, but was transmitted to the restaurant entirely by satellite, damages were still appropriately awarded under § 605(e). See Int'l Cablevision, Inc. v. Sykes, 997 F.2d 998, 1009 (2d Cir. 1993) ("If [Section 605] was violated and [the plaintiff] was aggrieved thereby, the court should grant [the plaintiff's] request for damages under § 605(e) instead of granting the lesser damages available under § 553.").
Accordingly, the district court's judgment is AFFIRMED.