Summary
explaining that if a court dismisses a case for lack of jurisdiction, it need not address other issues
Summary of this case from Sonoran Peaks, LLC v. Maricopa CountyOpinion
No. 2 CA-CIV 5215.
April 25, 1985. Review Denied October 8, 1985.
Appeal from the Superior Court, Gila County, Cause No. 21,869, Edward L. Dawson, J.
Favour, De Pasquale, Moore Schuyler, P.A. by John M. Favour, Prescott, for plaintiffs/appellants.
Robert Duber II, Globe, for defendants/appellees.
Fennemore, Craig, von Ammon, Udall Powers by James W. Johnson and Michael J. Allen, Phoenix, for defendants/appellees.
OPINION
Appellants, owners of real property situated in Gila County, brought a declaratory judgment action in Gila County Superior Court on December 17, 1979, for a declaration of rights with respect to a ditch located in Gila County and waters from Tonto Creek diverted through that ditch to lands owned by dozens of property holders. The complaint, brought pursuant to the Uniform Declaratory Judgments Act, § 12-1831, et seq., sought an equitable and legal declaration of rights with respect to the ditch and waters of Tonto Creek. The United States of America, one of the original defendants, was dismissed upon petition of appellants.
On June 10, 1983, appellees filed an amended answer and counterclaim and a motion for judgment on the pleadings dismissing the complaint for failure to join indispensable parties and for lack of jurisdiction of the subject matter. On September 1, 1983, the court entered its order to dismiss, finding,
". . . there are parties who have not been joined with rights necessary for the adjudication of this proceeding and further . . . that [the court] lacks jurisdiction of the subject matter pursuant to the General Adjudication of Water Rights Act and A.R.S. § 45-252(C). . . ."
After appellees lodged a proposed form of judgment, appellants filed objections thereto and moved to further amend the complaint by adding the previously deleted United States of America as a defendant. The court denied all appellants' motions and objections, awarding judgment against appellants and in favor of all appellees. Appellants timely appeal that judgment.
Two issues presented on appeal are: (1) whether the Gila County Superior Court has jurisdiction of a case in equity and at law to resolve a controversy among owners of real property in Gila County involving water and ditch rights in consideration of A.R.S. § 45-252, which provides for a general adjudication in the county with the largest number of potential claimants when the nature, extent, and priority of water rights are involved, and (2) whether the United States is an indispensable party to the complaint.
The ground stating lack of subject matter jurisdiction pursuant to the General Adjudication of Water Rights Act and A.R.S. § 45-252(C) would seem to refer to the already pending action, In Re Adjudication of Conflicting Claims to the Salt River and Its Tributaries, Maricopa County Cause No. W-1 ("In Re Salt River"). In that action, a general adjudication of the water rights in the Salt River watershed is in the lengthy process of being decided. While the parties involved in the Gabel suit are not named parties in the Salt River suit, since the naming of all actual or potential users as parties is not contemplated by § 45-252, et seq., all parties in the present section have been noticed as claimants in the Maricopa County action in accordance with § 45-253. In addition, the United States is a noticed party in In re Salt River, while appellants had the United States dismissed from the Gila County action.
Subject matter jurisdiction abates when another county has already assumed jurisdiction in the same matter. Sierra v. Perry, 121 Ariz. 437, 590 P.2d 1383 (1979). While In Re Salt River is not the same action as the present case, it is inclusive of all issues raised in appellants' complaint. A general adjudication of "the nature, extent and relative priority of the water rights of all persons in the river system. . . ." A.R.S. § 45-252(A), is undoubtedly sufficient to sort out the water rights of ninety families abutting or using a ditch located in the larger system. Water rights are specifically mentioned as one issue of the Gila County suit. Dubbing the later action a declaratory judgment invokes semantics, not the public policy of this state.
"Since there is not enough water to meet everyone's demands, a determination of priorities and a quantification of the water rights accompanying those priorities must be made. Obviously, such a task can be accomplished only in a single proceeding in which all substantial claimants are before the court so that all claims may be examined, priorities determined, and allocations made." (Emphasis added) United States v. Superior Court, 144 Ariz. 265, 697 P.2d 658, 663 (1985).
While ditch "maintenance and management" could theoretically be separated from the water rights issue, and thus litigated in a separate action, as a practical matter maintenance duties follow water rights. The larger action, already underway, can efficiently and fairly decide the problem of duties correlative with rights. We do not intend, however, by our decision to foreclose the adjudication in Gila County of traditional property disputes, e.g. trespass or easement rights. There is no showing that the claims raised in the present litigation cannot adequately be resolved in the general adjudication.
Because we believe the trial court properly dismissed without prejudice the action for lack of subject matter jurisdiction we need not decide the other issues raised by appellant.
Affirmed.
LACAGNINA and LIVERMORE, JJ., concur.