Opinion
46039.
ARGUED MARCH 1, 1971.
DECIDED APRIL 7, 1971. REHEARING DENIED APRIL 29, 1971.
Action for damages. Chatham Superior Court. Before Judge Harrison.
Corish, Smith, Remler Moore, Malberry Smith, Jr., for appellants.
Bouhan, Williams Levy, Frank W. Seiler, for appellee.
A property owner who voluntarily admits a social guest or other licensee into her home in such manner that the person admitted must necessarily step on a scatter rug, with actual knowledge on the part of the owner that another person has recently slipped either on that rug or on an identical one in close proximity to it and nearly fallen because it slipped, is charged with the duty to exercise ordinary care either to remedy the situation or to warn the guest. Whether the defendant here exercised this degree of care is a jury question.
ARGUED MARCH 1, 1971 — DECIDED APRIL 7, 1971 — REHEARING DENIED APRIL 29, 1971.
The defendant, Mrs. Lamas, invited her next door neighbors to visit her. Mrs. Fotopoulos stepped up from the porch to the entrance foyer and stepped on a small scatter rug which slipped under her and she fell, sustaining certain permanent injuries. From the evidence it appears that this rug and another identical in size and shape, both made from remnants of wall-to-wall carpeting, were laid on the bare entrance floor between the entrance door and the living room, that they were interchangeable, that shortly before plaintiff's fall the defendant's daughter-in-law had slipped on the rug lying at that side nearest the living room (whether the same one or its mate could not be stated) and had told the defendant that she had better get rid of those rugs before someone else fell and hurt herself. Defendant testified that she did thereupon place another rug or pad "or something" under the small rugs but left them in place. The daughter-in-law testified that she did not think any padding had been put under the rug.
At the conclusion of the trial the court directed a verdict in favor of the defendant, from which plaintiff appeals.
This case is controlled by Patterson v. Thomas, 118 Ga. App. 326 ( 163 S.E.2d 331), the headnote of which states the principles of law applicable here: "The ... owner of real property owes the same duty of care to a social guest as to a licensee. [He] is subject to liability to a licensee for injury caused by a condition on the property if [he] (a) knows or has reason to know of the condition and should realize that it involves an unreasonable risk of harm to the licensee, and should expect the licensee will not realize the danger; and (b) fails to exercise reasonable care to make the condition safe, or to warn the licensee of the condition and risk involved; and (c) the licensee does not know or have reason to know of the condition and the risk." But after the presence of the licensee is actually known or should, under the circumstances, have been anticipated, and the owner of the property has actual knowledge of the potential danger, ordinary care and diligence must be used to prevent injury to the licensee; and the failure to use such ordinary care and diligence to prevent injuring a person who is actually known to be, or is expected to be, within the range of the dangerous act being done, is usually wilful or wanton. Mandeville Mills v. Dale, 2 Ga. App. 607, 609 ( 58 S.E. 1060); Cook v. Southern R. Co., 53 Ga. App. 723, 725 ( 187 S.E. 274); Leach v. Inman, 63 Ga. App. 790 ( 12 S.E.2d 103); Ga. Power Co. v. Deese, 78 Ga. App. 704, 707 ( 51 S.E.2d 724).
In the present case the owner had two pieces of identical carpeting intended for wall-to-wall use made into scatter rugs and placed between the entrance and the living room. Whether or not these rugs were exchanged from time to time in process of cleaning is completely irrelevant. The two facts which are dispositive of the issues are (1) the owner had actual knowledge that the plaintiff was about to step on the rug because she had invited her and was at the door in the act of bidding her entry, and (2) she had actual knowledge that the rugs would slide on the varnished floor when stepped on because one of them had recently done so. Whether or not she placed a rug or pad under them after this first occurrence is in dispute, but in any event the question is not whether she did so but whether, after actual knowledge of the hazard, she exercised ordinary care to cure the defect, or warned plaintiff of the defect. This is also a jury question.
The evidence does not demand a finding of nonliability against the defendant, and the trial court erred in directing the verdict.
Judgment reversed. Bell, C. J., and Pannell, J., concur.