Opinion
A98A1121.
DECIDED: NOVEMBER 19, 1998.
Attorneys' lien. Cobb Superior Court. Before Judge Nix.
Ellis, Funk, Goldberg, Labovitz Dokson, Donald J. Ellis, Robert N. Dokson, David G. Hester, for appellant.
Albert A. Chapar, Jr., for appellee.
Ellis, Funk, Goldberg, Labovitz Dokson, P.C. ("EFGLD") asserted an attorneys' lien against Itamar Kleinberger, its former client. Enumerating two errors, EFGLD appeals the order declaring that lien forfeited and cancelled.
EFGLD represented Kleinberger in the sale of his interest in KES Irrigation System, Inc. ("KES"), a closely held corporation. EFGLD also represented Kleinberger in a dispute with KES over post-sale complications arising between Kleinberger, KES, and his former business partner. Ultimately, the dispute with KES was resolved through an arbitration award which the superior court confirmed. The arbitrators modified the original terms of the purchase and sale agreement, shortening the term for payment and reducing the remaining amount of money due Kleinberger. Among other provisions, the award provided for KES to pay $250,000 in 30 monthly installments to Kleinberger. Kleinberger paid a total of approximately $96,400 to EFGLD for legal work.
In May 1997, Kleinberger communicated to EFGLD his dissatisfaction with the services rendered and the charges relating thereto. EFGLD then filed an attorneys' lien claiming entitlement to an additional $62,000 plus interest. EFGLD served notice of its lien to KES and demanded that KES pay the monthly installments to EFGLD instead of to Kleinberger until the lien was satisfied. Due to that lien, KES began making its monthly checks jointly payable to Kleinberger and EFGLD and delivering them to EFGLD. Kleinberger contested the lien by filing a "Traverse, Objection, and Challenge." By late October, EFGLD was holding five monthly checks totalling $52,522.82. Kleinberger made a written demand to EFGLD for these five checks and cancellation of the lien. Despite retaining possession of these checks, EFGLD never sought to judicially foreclose on its lien.
After a hearing which was not transcribed, the trial court resolved the matter adversely to EFGLD. In its factual findings, the court expressly found that EFGLD failed to offer any competent evidence proving the existence of the purported debt or its amount. The court rejected EFGLD's argument that because EFGLD had asserted its attorneys' lien under OCGA § 15-19-14 (b), it did not need to foreclose its lien under OCGA § 15-19-15. Finding that EFGLD failed to comply with the express terms of OCGA § 15-19-15 to enforce its lien as required by OCGA § 44-14-550, the court declared the attorneys' lien cancelled and forfeited. Held:
1. EFGLD contends that the trial court erred by finding that it was required to institute foreclosure proceedings pursuant to OCGA § 44-14-550. We disagree.
Being in derogation of the common law, lien laws, including the attorney's lien statute, must be strictly construed. Ramsey v. Sumner, 211 Ga. App. 202, 204 ( 438 S.E.2d 676) (1993). See Dixie Concrete Svcs. v. Life Ins. Co. of Ga., 174 Ga. App. 866 ( 331 S.E.2d 889) (1985) (Lien laws and procedures must be strictly construed against the lien claimant and in favor of the debtor.)
The legislature enacted a bright line rule that "[l]iens of attorneys at law in possession of personal property under a lien for fees shall be satisfied according to Code Section 44-14-550." (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA § 15-19-15. OCGA § 44-14-550 affords a putative debtor notice and an opportunity to be heard. Part of this foreclosure statute requires, inter alia, that upon receipt of a written demand from the debtor, the lienholder must institute foreclosure proceedings within ten days where possession has been retained or "the lien is forfeited." OCGA § 44-14-550 (1).
Here, it is undisputed that as a result EFGLD's assertion of an attorneys' fee lien, EFGLD came into possession of several checks made jointly payable to Kleinberger and EFGLD. The first check in the amount of $10,640.94 bears the date of June 27, 1997. Notwithstanding Kleinberger's written demand for that check and the others, EFGLD retained possession of that check and subsequent ones. In so doing, EFGLD did not institute foreclosure proceedings within ten days of holding personal property belonging to Kleinberger, thereby failing to comply with the explicit terms of OCGA § 15-19-15. Compare D. Robert Autrey, Jr. P.C. v. Baker, 228 Ga. App. 396 ( 492 S.E.2d 261) (1997) (ten-day limit on foreclosure not triggered where client failed to establish that her attorney had possession of funds at the time of her demand that he withdraw his lien.)
Notwithstanding EFGLD's claim to the contrary, Hester v. Chalker, 222 Ga. App. 783 ( 476 S.E.2d 79) (1996), neither authorizes nor demands a different result. In Hester, unlike here, the attorney's lien was against real property not personal property. Id. at 784. Nor did the attorney in that case have possession of the client's personal property. Accord Lipton v. Warner, Mayoue Bates, 228 Ga. App. 516, 518 (2) ( 492 S.E.2d 281) (1997).
It is well-settled that on appellate review, a trial court's determination of facts when acting as the factfinder must be affirmed unless clearly erroneous. OCGA § 9-11-52 (a). Dougherty County Bd. of Equalization v. Casto Dev. Co., 228 Ga. App. 293, 295 ( 491 S.E.2d 483) (1997). Here, the trial court found that EFGLD failed to offer any competent evidence to support the purported debt underlying the lien. EFGLD has not directed our attention any evidence showing otherwise. Absent a transcript of the hearing, we must assume the trial court's factual finding was correct. See Hageman v. State, 205 Ga. App. 644 ( 423 S.E.2d 56) (1992).
2. In light of our disposition of Division 1, we need not reach the remaining enumeration.
Judgment affirmed. Johnson, P. J., and Smith, J., concur.