Summary
holding "[t]he record contained ample evidence from which a jury could find that the owner had actual notice of a recurring, misleveling problem with the elevator, based on prior similar incidents shown in the building's logbook and based on service records ... ."
Summary of this case from Bortungo v. N.Y. State Urban Dev. Corp.Opinion
5370 Index 452293/14
01-04-2018
Barbara DZIDOWSKA, Plaintiff–Respondent, v. The RELATED COMPANIES, LP, et al., Defendants–Respondents–Appellants, Fujitec America Inc. doing business as Fujitec Serge of New York, Defendant–Appellant–Respondent.
Swartz Law Offices, New York (Gerald N. Swartz of counsel), for appellant-respondent. London Fischer LLP, New York (Brian P. McLaughlin of counsel), for respondents-appellants. The Platta Law Firm, PLLC, New York (Brian J. Vannella of counsel), for respondent.
Swartz Law Offices, New York (Gerald N. Swartz of counsel), for appellant-respondent.
London Fischer LLP, New York (Brian P. McLaughlin of counsel), for respondents-appellants.
The Platta Law Firm, PLLC, New York (Brian J. Vannella of counsel), for respondent.
Renwick, J.P., Manzanet–Daniels, Gische, Kahn, Singh, JJ.
Order, Supreme Court, New York County (Cynthia S. Kern, J.), entered November 21, 2016, which, to the extent appealed from as limited by the briefs, denied defendant 400 E. 84th Street Associates, LP's motion for summary judgment, and denied defendant Fujitec America Inc.'s cross motion for summary judgment, unanimously affirmed, without costs.
Supreme Court correctly denied 400 E. 84th Street (the owner) summary judgment dismissing the complaint, as issues of fact exist as to whether the owner of the apartment building where plaintiff fell while entering an elevator had notice of a misleveling/releveling condition of the elevator (see Isaac v. 1515 Macombs, LLC , 84 A.D.3d 457, 458, 922 N.Y.S.2d 354 [1st Dept. 2011], lv denied 17 N.Y.3d 708, 930 N.Y.S.2d 552, 954 N.E.2d 1178 [2011] ; Bonifacio v. 910–930 S. Blvd. , 295 A.D.2d 86, 91, 743 N.Y.S.2d 105 [1st Dept. 2002] ). The record contained ample evidence from which a jury could find that the owner had actual notice of a recurring, misleveling problem with the elevator, based on prior similar incidents shown in the building's logbook and based on service records of Fujitec, which had contracted to maintain the elevator (see Martin v. Kone, Inc. , 94 A.D.3d 446, 447, 941 N.Y.S.2d 588 [1st Dept. 2012] ; Gjonaj v. Otis El. Co. , 38 A.D.3d 384, 385, 832 N.Y.S.2d 189 [1st Dept. 2007] ). Fujitec's servicing of the elevator in response to those prior complaints raises an issue of fact as to notice (see Ardolaj v. Two Broadway Land Co. , 276 A.D.2d 264, 265, 714 N.Y.S.2d 12 [1st Dept. 2000] ).
Supreme Court correctly denied the owner conditional summary judgment on its cross claim for common-law indemnification against Fujitec, as there is an issue of fact as to whether the owner's liability, if any, is vicarious (see Linares v. Fairfield Views , 231 A.D.2d 418, 420, 647 N.Y.S.2d 194 [1st Dept. 1996], lv dismissed in part and denied in part 89 N.Y.2d 978, 656 N.Y.S.2d 735, 678 N.E.2d 1351 [1997] ). Due to the adverse inference charge the court previously granted against the owner, a jury might find that the owner had actual notice of the misleveling defect on the day of the accident, before plaintiff's injury. In addition, given the adverse inference charge, a jury could find that the owner was negligent in either failing to timely notify Fujitec of the misleveling defect, or in failing to remove the elevator from service. Such negligence would bar the owner from obtaining common-law indemnification from Fujitec (see Martins v. Little 40 Worth Assoc., Inc. , 72 A.D.3d 483, 484, 899 N.Y.S.2d 30 [1st Dept. 2010] ).
Supreme Court correctly denied Fujitec's motion for summary judgment. Given the disputed issues of fact as to notice of the misleveling/releveling condition of the elevator, and the fact that the accident occurred less than a week after Fujitec had serviced the elevator for releveling, an issue of fact exists as to whether Fujitec failed to maintain the elevator in a reasonably safe operating condition (see Rogers v. Dorchester Assoc. , 32 N.Y.2d 553, 559, 347 N.Y.S.2d 22, 300 N.E.2d 403 [1973] ).In addition, the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur precludes summary judgment ( Dermatossian v. New York City Tr. Auth. , 67 N.Y.2d 219, 226, 501 N.Y.S.2d 784, 492 N.E.2d 1200 [1986] ; see Ezzard v. One E. Riv. Place Realty Co., LLC, 129 A.D.3d 159, 162, 8 N.Y.S.3d 195 [1st Dept. 2015] ). "The misleveling of an elevator does not ordinarily occur in the absence of negligence" ( Rojas v. New York El. & Elec. Corp. , 150 A.D.3d 537, 537–538, 56 N.Y.S.3d 38 [1st Dept. 2017] ). Further, the misleveling was apparently caused by an instrumentality within Fujitec's exclusive control and was not due to any voluntary action on plaintiff's part. The application of res ipsa loquitur is not "overcome by [Fujitec's] evidence that the elevator was regularly inspected and maintained" ( Ardolaj , 276 A.D.2d at 265, 714 N.Y.S.2d 12 ). Given the applicability of res ipsa loquitur, plaintiff was not required to identify a malfunction or defect in the elevator ( Kambat v. St. Francis Hosp. , 89 N.Y.2d 489, 494, 655 N.Y.S.2d 844, 678 N.E.2d 456 [1997] ).
We have considered appellants' remaining contentions and find them unavailing.