Opinion
February 5, 1915.
Edwin A. Jones, for the appellant.
Roderic Wellman [ Francis L. Wellman with him on the brief], for the respondent.
The defendant William A. Jamison appeals from two orders of the Special Term. One is from an order granting plaintiff's motion for judgment against the appellant by default, based upon the assumption that the appellant has, through certain stipulations made by the attorneys for his codefendant, entered a general appearance and is in default in failing to plead. The other order denies appellant's motion to vacate and set aside said stipulations in so far as the same are claimed to constitute a general appearance for him, upon the ground that they were unauthorized and that they were inadvertently signed by attorneys who had no authority to appear for him.
The action was brought against John Arbuckle and the appellant as copartners under the firm name and style of Arbuckle Brothers. The only defendant served was John Arbuckle, who appeared in the action. Before the service of the complaint the action as against Arbuckle and Jamison was discontinued by stipulation signed by the plaintiff's attorneys and "Nadal, Jones Mowton, Attorneys for Defendants," and was continued against John Arbuckle and William A. Jamison as copartners doing business under the firm name and style of "Jay Street Terminal." Subsequently plaintiff's time to serve his complaint was extended by stipulation signed by the same attorneys as "Attorneys for Defendants," and it appears that at one time, when the case was on the calendar and inadvertently marked for inquest, a clerk in the office of Nadal, Jones Mowton, without the knowledge of said attorneys, and not knowing that Jamison had never been served, and that his principals had not been authorized to appear for him, without authority from any source prepared a stipulation entitling the action as against Arbuckle and Jamison, as composing the firm of Arbuckle Brothers (as to whom the action had been discontinued), restoring the case to the calendar, to which he signed the name of "Nadal, Jones Mowton, Attorneys for Defendant William A. Jamison." These several stipulations, with the exception of the last one, were prepared by plaintiff's attorneys, and the expression "Attorneys for Defendants" was written by them. They could not have been misled by the mistake (in writing the word defendants instead of the word defendant) upon their part, because, after several of these stipulations had been made, one of the plaintiff's attorneys made an affidavit in the case in which he stated "the only appearance herein has been by John Arbuckle, by his attorneys, Nadal, Jones Mowton." It appears conclusively that Jamison was never served; that Nadal, Jones Mowton were not authorized to appear for him in the action; that the stipulations for "defendants" were mistakenly made, and the court obtained no jurisdiction upon which the action can be prosecuted against him. An appearance to be effectual as a voluntary appearance conferring jurisdiction, in the absence of the service of process, must be with knowledge that there is an action pending and with the intention to appear therein. ( Merkee v. City of Rochester, 13 Hun, 157.) It is not claimed by the learned counsel for respondent that Jamison appeared formally under section 421 of the Code, so as to give him a right to notice of subsequent proceedings, yet he claims that Jamison submitted to jurisdiction without formal notice of appearance. The answer to this is that it has been held in a number of cases that the general appearance of a defendant in an action cannot be made in any other manner than that prescribed by section 421 of the Code of Civil Procedure. ( Couch v. Mulhane, 63 How. Pr. 79; Valentine v. Myers' Sanitary Depot, 36 Hun, 201; Paine Lumber Co. v. Galbraith, 38 App. Div. 68; Nathan Mfg. Co. v. Edna Smelting, etc., Co., No. 2, 130 id. 518.) Jamison was a non-resident of the State when this action was brought and has not resided in the State since its commencement, and the court cannot draw non-residents within its jurisdiction through the unauthorized acts of its own officers. ( Nordlinger v. De Mier, 18 Civ. Proc. Rep. 47; Myers v. Prefontaine, 40 App. Div. 603. )
It follows, therefore, that the stipulations were mistakenly made and that the unauthorized acts of the attorneys for Mr. Arbuckle conferred no jurisdiction over the defendant Jamison, and the order granting plaintiff's motion for judgment by default against the defendant William A. Jamison must be reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and motion denied, and the order denying the motion to vacate and set aside the stipulations is reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and the motion granted.
JENKS, P.J., BURR, STAPLETON and PUTNAM, JJ., concurred.
Order granting plaintiff's motion for judgment by default against defendant William A. Jamison reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and motion denied; order denying motion to vacate and set aside the stipulations reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and motion granted.