Opinion
No. 17-56199
05-24-2018
DAMONE DANIEL, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. KIANG, Officer; MAGTOTO, Officer, Defendants-Appellees.
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
D.C. No. 2:14-cv-03864-VAP-AJW MEMORANDUM Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California
Virginia A. Phillips, Chief Judge, Presiding Before: SILVERMAN, BEA, and WATFORD, Circuit Judges.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
Damone Daniel appeals pro se from the district court's summary judgment in his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action alleging violations of his Fourth Amendment rights in connection with his arrest for trespass. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review de novo, Ramirez v. City of Buena Park, 560 F.3d 1012, 1019 (9th Cir. 2009), and we affirm.
The district court properly granted summary judgment on Daniel's Fourth Amendment unlawful arrest claim because Daniel failed to raise a genuine dispute of material fact as to whether defendant Kiang lacked probable cause for his arrest. See Cal. Pen. Code § 602.1; Lacey v. Maricopa County, 693 F.3d 896, 918 (9th Cir. 2012) ("A claim for unlawful arrest is cognizable under § 1983 as a violation of the Fourth Amendment, provided the arrest was without probable cause or other justification." (citation and internal quotation marks omitted)); Ramirez, 560 F.3d at 1023 (explaining when probable cause exists). Contrary to Daniel's contention, the place of his arrest is not considered a public forum. See Ralphs Grocery Co. v. United Food & Commercial Workers Union Local 8, 290 P.3d 1116, 1121 (Cal. 2012) (discussing when the area around a store is considered a public forum).
Because no constitutional violation took place, the district court properly granted summary judgment for defendant Magtoto sued in his supervisory capacity. See Jackson v. City of Bremerton, 268 F.3d 646, 653 (9th Cir. 2001) (a supervisor cannot "be held liable under § 1983 where no injury or constitutional violation has occurred").
Even if probable cause for Daniel's arrest did not exist, the district court properly granted summary judgment on the basis of qualified immunity because it would have not been clear to every reasonable officer that arresting Daniel violated his clearly established Fourth Amendment rights. See Blankenhorn v. City of Orange, 485 F.3d 463, 476 (9th Cir. 2007) ("[Q]ualified immunity is available if a reasonable police officer could have believed that his or her conduct was lawful, in light of the clearly established law and the information the searching officers possessed." (citation omitted)).
AFFIRMED.