Summary
holding the de novo standard applies to common pleas rulings from an appeal of an Industrial Commission's decision
Summary of this case from Aho v. RTI Int'l Metals, Inc.Opinion
No. L-97-1456.
Decided: June 19, 1998.
Appeal from the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas, Trial Court No. CI0199703629.
William R. Menacher, Steven M. Spitler, and Todd T. Miller, for appellant.
Betty Montgomery, attorney general, and Reeve W. Kelsey, for appellees.
OPINION
This accelerated appeal is from the November 25, 1997 judgment of the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas, which granted summary judgment to Superior Spinning Stamping Company and appellee James Conrad, Administrator of the Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation, and dismissed the appeal of appellant, Peggy Conley-Slowinski. On appeal, appellant asserts the following sole assignment of error.
"The trial court erred in granting summary judgment for defendant/appellee, Administrator of the Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation and in denying plaintiff/appellant's motion for summary judgment as a matter of law."
The following facts in this case are undisputed. Eugene L. Slowinski was injured while working for Superior Spinning Stamping Co. in 1977. His workers' compensation claim was initially allowed for injury to his right ring finger, amputation of that finger, and neuroma of his right palm. His additional claim of aggravation of pre-existing depression, resulting in dysthymic disorder, was allowed in 1988. Slowinski's psychiatrist attested that while Slowinski abused alcohol prior to his injury, his alcoholism was aggravated by his injury. Slowinski was killed in 1994 in a car/train accident. At the time of his accident, Slowinski's blood alcohol level was thirty-four hundredths percent of weight per volume. His psychiatrist attested that in his opinion, Slowinski's "alcohol abuse secondary to his allowed injuries and depressive condition was a cause of his death."
Appellant, Slowinski's spouse, filed a claim for workers' compensation benefits alleging that the death of her husband was caused by his alcohol abuse which stemmed from the aggravation of his depression from his employment-related injury. The Industrial Commission denied appellant's claim. Appellant then sought an appeal to the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas pursuant to R.C. 4123.512. Both parties moved for summary judgment. The common pleas court granted summary judgment to appellees finding that appellant's claim was barred by R.C. 4123.54(B). The trial court held that there was insufficient evidence presented to prove that the injury led to the depression and the alcohol abuse despite the fact that the only medical evidence presented was that of Slowinski's psychiatrist who attested that there was a casual link between the injury, depression, alcoholism, and death.
On appeal, appellant asserts that the trial court erred by granting summary judgment to appellees instead of appellant. When reviewing the summary judgment ruling made by the court of common pleas from an appeal of a decision by the Industrial Commission, the appellate court applies the same standard used when reviewing any summary judgment ruling. Stivison v. Goodyear Tire Rubber Co. (May 6, 1996), Hocking App. No. 95CA13, unreported, and Jennings v. Trimble (Nov. 2, 1995), Jackson App. No. 94CA754, unreported. See, also, Kokitka v. Ford Motor Co. (1995), 73 Ohio St.3d 89, 94-96 (which applies the summary judgment standard de novo). The appellate court reviews summary judgment subject to Civ.R. 56(C) without deference to the trial court's determination. Berdyck v. Shinde (1993), 66 Ohio St.3d 573, 578 and Midwest Specialties, Inc. v. Firestone Co. (1988), 42 Ohio App.3d 6, 8.
Summary judgment is appropriate pursuant to Civ.R. 56(C) when the movant demonstrates that (1) there is no genuine issue of material fact, (2) the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law and (3) reasonable minds can come to but one conclusion which is adverse to the opposing party when the evidence is construed most strongly in that party's favor. Miller v. Bike Ath. Co. (1998), 80 Ohio St.3d 607, 617, and Harless v. Willis Day Warehousing Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 64, 66.
We find that summary judgment was appropriate in this case as a matter of law.
R.C. 4123.54 provides as follows:
"Every employee, who is injured or who contracts an occupational disease, and the dependents of each employee who is killed, or dies as the result of an occupational disease contracted in the course of employment, wherever such injury has occurred or occupational disease has been contracted, provided the same were not:
"(A) Purposely self-inflicted; or
"(B) Caused by the employee being intoxicated or under the influence of a controlled substance not prescribed by a physician where the intoxication or being under the influence of the controlled substance not prescribed by a physician was the proximate cause of the injury, [sic] "is entitled to receive, either directly from his self-insuring employer as provided in section 4123.35 of the Revised Code, or from the state insurance fund, the compensation for loss sustained on account of the injury, occupational disease or death, and the medical, nurse, and hospital services and medicines, and the amount of funeral expenses in case of death, as are provided by this chapter."
Appellant relies upon Karavolos v. Brown Derby, Inc. (1994), 99 Ohio App.3d 548 to support her argument that these exceptions apply only to the original injury and not the residual injuries. In the Karavolos case, the claimant became depressed when his employer sought to deny one of his claims. Because of his depression, he tried cocaine and became addicted to it. He later filed a claim for severe depression, post-traumatic neurosis, and secondary drug abuse. The employer argued that R.C. 4123.54(B) prohibited any claim being allowed for intoxication or drug abuse. The Ohio Supreme Court held that the secondary claim was not barred by R.C. 4123.54(B) if there was medical proof that the drug abuse was proximately caused by the work-related injury. Therefore, residual injuries are covered if there is proof of proximate cause between the initial work-related injury and the later condition or injury.
Appellees argue that appellant is not entitled to benefits because the employee never filed a claim for alcoholism. This argument is without merit because a dependent's right to receive death benefits under the Workman's Compensation Law is an independent right created by statute. Jones v. Multi-Color Corp. (1995), 108 Ohio App.3d 388, 397. Therefore, the dependent's claim is not affected by the employee's failure to seek benefits. State, ex rel. Nicholson v. Copperweld Steel Co. (1996), 77 Ohio St.3d 193, 195.
Alternatively, appellees argue that the Karavolos case merely allows the injured worker to seek workers' compensation to treat the secondary drug abuse problem. We agree. In the Karavolos case, the Ohio Supreme Court did allow benefits to be extended for medical conditions proximately linked back to the original work-related injury. However, it did not permit the linking of injuries caused by the alcohol/drug abuse. Appellant correctly notes that the Ohio Supreme Court has adopted such a "chain-of-causation" approach with respect to R.C. 4123.54(A) to determine whether a suicide can be a covered injury. See, Borbely v. Prestole Everlock, Inc. (1991), 57 Ohio St.3d 67, syllabus. However, it has not applied the chain-of-causation approach to an injury caused by alcohol or drug abuse. Therefore, we decline to expand R.C. 4123.54(B).
Accordingly, appellant's sole assignment of error is not well-taken. The judgment of the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. Pursuant to App.R. 24, appellant is hereby ordered to pay the costs incurred on appeal.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
Peter M. Handwork, P.J.
Sherck, Knepper, JJ., concur.