Opinion
November 27, 1934.
January 7, 1935.
Equity — Jurisdiction — Preliminary determination — Accounting — Death of wrongdoer before final decree — Act of March 5, 1925, P. L. 23.
1. The manifest scope and purpose of the Act of March 5, 1925, P. L. 23, is to have determined preliminarily, when properly applied for, whether the court of first instance lacks jurisdiction over the defendant personally, or over the cause of action for which the suit is brought. It was not intended to furnish a short cut to a determination of the issues of law or fact raised by the pleadings, however certain their determination may be. [47]
2. A court of equity has jurisdiction to compel an accounting of moneys collected by one person for another, and wrongfully retained by the former. If the wrongdoer dies before final decree, the action survives as against his personal representatives. [47-8]
Equity — Practice — Rules — Effect of — Act of June 16, 1836, P. L. 784.
3. The rules of equity practice, adopted and promulgated by the Supreme Court under the authority of section 13 of the Act of June 16, 1836, P. L. 784, 789, have all the force and effect of a statute. [48]
Appeals — Review — Objection not raised in court below.
4. An objection which could have been presented to the court below but was not, cannot be raised for the first time on appeal. [48]
Argued November 27, 1934.
Before FRAZER, C. J., SIMPSON, KEPHART, SCHAFFER, MAXEY, DREW and LINN, JJ.
Appeal, No. 305, Jan. T., 1934, by defendant, Jesse G. Forsythe, from order of C. P. Delaware Co., March T., 1926, No. 1868, in equity, in case of David H. Colflesh et al. v. Provident Trust Company of Philadelphia and Jesse G. Forsythe, executors of and trustees under the will of Isaac Forsythe, deceased. Order affirmed.
Bill in equity. Before FRONEFIELD, P. J., BROOMALL and McDADE, JJ.
The opinion of the Supreme Court states the facts.
Petition to set aside service of bill of complaint refused. Defendant appealed.
Error assigned was refusal of petition, quoting record.
James W. Laws, with him George T. Butler, for appellant.
Edward F. Hitchcock for appellees.
This is another futile attempt to extend the Act of March 5, 1925, P. L. 23, beyond its manifest scope and purpose, which "is to have determined, preliminarily, [when properly applied for] whether the court of first instance lacks jurisdiction over the defendant personally, or over the cause of action for which the suit is brought. It was not intended to furnish a short cut to a determination of the issues of law or fact, raised by the pleadings, however certain their determination may be": Lackawanna Co. v. James, 296 Pa. 225; Rutherford Water Co. v. Harrisburg, 297 Pa. 33; Skelton v. Lower Merion Twp., 298 Pa. 471, 473-4; Lewis v. Beatty, 306 Pa. 242, 245; Koontz v. Messer, 314 Pa. 434.
The cause of action in this case is a bill in equity for an accounting of moneys collected by one of the original defendants for which he neglected or refused to account. That a court of equity has jurisdiction over such a cause, and that, if the wrongful collector dies without accounting, the action will survive as against his personal representatives, cannot be and is not gainsaid. The bill was filed against defendant's testator in his lifetime, but he died pending the proceedings for recovery from him. Before this occurred, however, the ingenuity of defendant's counsel had resulted in a very complicated record, and, possibly because thereof, plaintiff's counsel obtained leave to withdraw all the prior proceedings and to file an amended bill de novo, substituting the present appellant and his colleague, who were the personal representatives of the original defendant, as defendants in his place and stead. Appellant was and is a resident of Delaware County, where the proceedings were and are pending, and admittedly he was properly served in that county with a copy of the new bill, as provided by Rule 57 of the Equity Rules, which were prepared by us under the authority of section 13 of the Act of June 16, 1836, P. L. 784, 789. These rules have all the force and effect of a statute: Baur v. Wilkes-Barre Light Co., 259 Pa. 117; Winemaker v. Wanamaker, 315 Pa. 229. Appellant did not allege in the court below that the service of the amended bill was in any respect defective, but now attempts to build an argument on the fact that the affidavit of service thereof does not state that the server was an adult. If defendant had made that objection in his petition under the Act of 1925, the affidavit could have been readily corrected, if the service was in fact made by an adult, or a new service made, if not; but be did not do this. Because of his failure in that respect, the matter was not passed upon by the court below, and he will not be permitted to newly raise the objection here: Schwartz v. Wesoky, 281 Pa. 388; Kohn v. Burke, 294 Pa. 282; Kolich v. Monongahela Ry. Co., 303 Pa. 463.
The order of the court below is affirmed and the appeal is dismissed at the cost of appellant.