Opinion
2017–13259 Docket Nos. V–2893–17, V–3125–17
02-20-2019
In the Matter of Quinton CARR, appellant-respondent, v. Armani THOMAS, respondent-appellant. (Proceeding No. 1) In the Matter of Armani Thomas, respondent-appellant, v. Quinton Carr, appellant-respondent. (Proceeding No. 2)
Daniel E. Lubetsky, Jamaica, NY, for appellant-respondent. Richard Cardinale, Brooklyn, NY, for respondent-appellant. Carol L. Kahn, New York, NY, attorney for the child.
Daniel E. Lubetsky, Jamaica, NY, for appellant-respondent.
Richard Cardinale, Brooklyn, NY, for respondent-appellant.
Carol L. Kahn, New York, NY, attorney for the child.
MARK C. DILLON, J.P., LEONARD B. AUSTIN, ROBERT J. MILLER, COLLEEN D. DUFFY, JJ.
DECISION & ORDERIn related child custody proceedings pursuant to Family Court Act article 6, the father appeals and the mother cross-appeals from an order of the Family Court, Queens County (Craig Ramseur, Ct. Atty. Ref.), dated November 30, 2017. The order, insofar as appealed from, after a hearing, awarded the mother sole legal and physical custody of the parties' child. The order, insofar as cross-appealed from, denied the mother's request for permission to relocate to Florida with the parties' child and awarded the father parental access, inter alia, on alternating weeks.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed insofar as appealed and cross-appealed from, without costs or disbursements.
The court's paramount concern in any custody dispute is to determine, under the totality of the circumstances, what is in the best interests of the child (see Eschbach v. Eschbach, 56 N.Y.2d 167, 171, 451 N.Y.S.2d 658, 436 N.E.2d 1260 ; Matter of Klein v. Theus, 143 A.D.3d 984, 985, 39 N.Y.S.3d 529 ; Matter of Gooler v. Gooler, 107 A.D.3d 712, 712, 966 N.Y.S.2d 208 ; Matter of Julie v. Wills, 73 A.D.3d 777, 777, 899 N.Y.S.2d 669 ). Inasmuch as a court's custody determination is dependent in large part upon its assessment of the witnesses' credibility and upon the character, temperament, and sincerity of the parents, the court's exercise of its discretion will not be disturbed if supported by a sound and substantial basis in the record (see Matter of Supangkat v. Torres, 101 A.D.3d 889, 890, 954 N.Y.S.2d 915 ; Matter of Reyes v. Polanco, 83 A.D.3d 849, 850, 922 N.Y.S.2d 104 ).
Here, the Family Court's determination that the child's best interests would be served by awarding sole legal and physical custody to the mother has a sound and substantial basis in the record and will not be disturbed (see Matter of Murphy v. Lewis, 149 A.D.3d 748, 51 N.Y.S.3d 155 ; Matter of Goodman v. Jones, 146 A.D.3d 884, 886, 45 N.Y.S.3d 192 ; Matter of McPherson v. McPherson, 139 A.D.3d 953, 953, 30 N.Y.S.3d 705 ).
Further, we agree with the Family Court's determination to deny the mother's request to relocate to Florida with the child. A parent seeking leave to relocate with a child bears the burden of establishing, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the proposed move would be in the child's best interests (see Matter of Francis–Miller v. Miller, 111 A.D.3d 632, 635, 975 N.Y.S.2d 74 ; Matter of Hirtz v. Hirtz, 108 A.D.3d 712, 713, 969 N.Y.S.2d 553 ; Rubio v. Rubio, 71 A.D.3d 862, 863, 897 N.Y.S.2d 170 ). In determining whether relocation is appropriate, the court must consider a number of factors, which include "each parent's reasons for seeking or opposing the move, the quality of the relationships between the child and the custodial and noncustodial parents, the impact of the move on the quantity and quality of the child's future contact with the noncustodial parent, the degree to which the custodial parent's and child's life may be enhanced economically, emotionally and educationally by the move, and the feasibility of preserving the relationship between the noncustodial parent and child through suitable [parental access] arrangements" ( Matter of Tropea v. Tropea, 87 N.Y.2d 727, 740–741, 642 N.Y.S.2d 575, 665 N.E.2d 145 ). In assessing these factors, "no single factor should be treated as dispositive or given such disproportionate weight as to predetermine the outcome" ( id. at 738, 642 N.Y.S.2d 575, 665 N.E.2d 145 ). However, "the impact of the move on the relationship between the child and the noncustodial parent will remain a central concern" ( id. at 739, 642 N.Y.S.2d 575, 665 N.E.2d 145 ; see Matter of Francis–Miller v. Miller, 111 A.D.3d at 635, 975 N.Y.S.2d 74 ; Matter of Hirtz v. Hirtz, 108 A.D.3d at 713, 969 N.Y.S.2d 553 ). Here, the court's determination that the mother could not relocate to Florida with the child was supported by a sound and substantial basis in the record, as she did not establish by a preponderance of the evidence that the proposed relocation would serve the child's best interests (see Matter of Tropea v. Tropea, 87 N.Y.2d at 741, 642 N.Y.S.2d 575, 665 N.E.2d 145 ; Matter of Rubio v. Rubio, 71 A.D.3d at 863, 897 N.Y.S.2d 170 ).
The determination of access to a noncustodial parent is within the sound discretion of the hearing court, based upon the best interests of the child, and it should not be set aside unless it lacks a sound and substantial basis in the record (see Matter of Dennis D. [Justesen], 83 A.D.3d 700, 702, 922 N.Y.S.2d 90 ). Here, the Family Court's determination to award the father parental access with the child on alternating weeks from Friday 7:00 p.m. until the following Friday at 7:00 p.m. had a sound and substantial basis in the record and will not be disturbed.
The father's remaining contention is without merit.
DILLON, J.P., AUSTIN, MILLER and DUFFY, JJ., concur.