Opinion
2:17-cv-02670-MMD-VCF
10-16-2019
ELIZABETH CARLEY, Plaintiffs, v. JO GENTRY, et al., Defendants.
ORDER
Before the Court are Defendants' Motion to Stay Discovery (ECF NO. 46) and Plaintiff's Motion for Enlargement of Time in Which to File Plaintiff's Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Stay Discovery (ECF NO. 49). The Court has reviewed Plaintiff's Opposition to Motion to Stay Discovery (ECF NO. 50). For the reasons discussed below, Defendants' motion (ECF NO. 46) is granted.
LEGAL STANDARD
When evaluating a motion to stay discovery while a dispositive motion is pending, the court initially considers the goal of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 1. The guiding premise of the Rules is that the Rules "should be construed and administered to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action." FED. R. CIV. P. 1. It needs no citation of authority to recognize that discovery is expensive. The Supreme Court has long mandated that trial courts should resolve civil matters fairly but without undue cost. Brown Shoe Co. v. United States, 370 U.S. 294, 306 (1962). This directive is echoed by Rule 26, which instructs the court to balance the expense of discovery against its likely benefit. See FED. R. CIV .P. 26(B)(2)(iii).
Consistent with the Supreme Court's mandate that trial courts should balance fairness and cost, the Rules do not provide for automatic or blanket stays of discovery when a potentially dispositive motion is pending. Skellerup Indus. Ltd. v. City of Los Angeles, 163 F.R.D. 598, 600-01 (C.D. Cal. 1995). Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c)(1), "[t]he court may, for good cause, issue an order to protect a party or person from annoyance, embarrassment, oppression, or undue burden or expense." Whether to grant a stay is within the discretion of the court. Munoz-Santana v. U.S. I.N.S., 742 F.2d 561, 562 (9th Cir. 1984). The party seeking the protective order, however, has the burden "to 'show good cause' by demonstrating harm or prejudice that will result from the discovery." FED. R. CIV. P. 26(c)(1). Satisfying the "good cause" obligation is a challenging task. A party seeking "a stay of discovery carries the heavy burden of making a 'strong showing' why discovery should be denied." Gray v. First Winthrop Corp., 133 F.R.D. 39, 40 (N.D.Cal.1990) (citing Blankenship v. Hearst Corp. 519 F.2d 418, 429 (9th Cir. 1975)).
Generally, imposing a stay of discovery pending a motion to dismiss is permissible if there are no factual issues raised by the motion to dismiss, discovery is not required to address the issues raised by the motion to dismiss, and the court is "convinced" that the plaintiff is unable to state a claim for relief. Rae v. Union Bank, 725 F.2d 478, 481 (9th Cir. 1984); White v. Am. Tobacco Co., 125 F.R.D. 508 (D. Nev. 1989) (citing Wood v. McEwen, 644 F.2d 797, 801 (9th Cir. 1981) cert. denied, 455 U.S. 942 (1982). Typical situations in which staying discovery pending a ruling on a dispositive motion are appropriate would be where the dispositive motion raises issues of jurisdiction, venue, or immunity. TradeBay, LLC v. Ebay, Inc., 278 F.R.D. 597, 600 (D. Nev. 2011).
Courts in the District of Nevada apply a two-part test when evaluating whether a discovery stay should be imposed. Id. (citations omitted). First, the pending motion must be potentially dispositive of the entire case or at least the issue on which discovery is sought. Id. Second, the court must determine whether the pending motion to dismiss can be decided without additional discovery. Id. When applying this test, the court must take a "preliminary peek" at the merits of the pending dispositive motion to assess whether a stay is warranted. Id. The purpose of the "preliminary peek" is not to prejudge the outcome of the motion to dismiss. Rather, the court's role is to evaluate the propriety of an order staying or limiting discovery with the goal of accomplishing the objectives of Rule 1.
DISCUSSION
Good cause exists to grant Defendants' motion to stay. Here, the motion to dismiss is potentially dispositive of the entire case. After a "preliminary peek" and in light of the goals of Rule 1 to "secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive" determination of all cases, the Court finds that Defendants' Motion to Dismiss (ECF No. 32) has merit and may resolve all issues in controversy and demonstrates good cause to stay discovery. The parties will not need to incur unnecessary discovery costs during the pendency of the motion to dismiss. See FED. R. CIV. P. 1.
Accordingly, and for good cause shown,
IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Motion for Stay of Discovery Proceedings Pending a Determination on the Pending Motion to Dismiss Complaint (ECF NO. 46) is hereby GRANTED. In the event resolution of Defendants' motion to dismiss (ECF No. 32) does not result in the disposition of this case, the parties must file a new joint discovery plan within 21 days of the issuance of the order deciding that motion.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Plaintiff's Motion for Enlargement of Time in Which to File Plaintiff's Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Stay Discovery (ECF NO. 49) is GRANTED.
DATED this 16th day of October, 2019.
/s/_________
CAM FERENBACH
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE