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In Branum, this Court found that historically the Board of Regents of the University of Michigan has "not been held subject to the control of the legislature," id. at 137, and that the board of regents must have the same freedom from control "in educational matters in order to provide the highest quality education."
Summary of this case from Federated Publications, Inc. v. Board of TrusteesOpinion
Docket No. 714.
Decided November 9, 1966. Leave to appeal granted by Supreme Court March 9, 1967. See 379 Mich. 753. Appeal dismissed October 17, 1967, per stipulation.
Appeal from the Court of Claims; Coleman (Creighton R.), J., presiding. Submitted Division 2 June 6, 1966, at Lansing. (Docket No. 714.) Decided November 9, 1966. Leave to appeal granted by Supreme Court March 9, 1967. See 379 Mich. 753. Appeal dismissed October 17, 1967, per stipulation.
Claim by Carl M. Branum and Joyce Branum against the State of Michigan and the Board of Regents of the University of Michigan for damages sustained when Joyce Branum was allegedly struck by a truck driven by an employee of defendants. Judgment for defendants. Plaintiffs appeal. Reversed and remanded.
James R. Temple and Wallace A. Temple (Donald M. Cutler, of counsel), for plaintiffs.
Burke, Burke, Ryan Roberts, for defendants.
This action arose as the result of an injury sustained by Joyce Branum on July 2, 1963. At about 3:15 p.m., plaintiff was struck by a truck owned by the University of Michigan, being driven by Harold F. Dresselhouse, an employee of the University of Michigan. Mrs. Branum was injured when the truck left the street, went over the curb and sidewalk, and struck her. The plaintiff Carl Branum is the husband of Joyce Branum and makes his claim for loss of consortium and medical expenses of his wife.
The statement of claim was filed in the court of claims on October 3, 1963. Plaintiffs argue that the legislature of the State of Michigan did abolish the defense of governmental immunity for the State of Michigan and the board of regents of the University of Michigan, or — alternatively — that the purchase of automobile liability insurance by the board of regents of the University of Michigan did waive any claim that it might have of governmental immunity. The plaintiffs argue that, in any event, the State of Michigan would be liable upon the accident because the State of Michigan was, in fact, the owner of the truck, even though it was registered in the name of the board of regents of the University of Michigan. The defendants based their defense on the governmental immunity of the board of regents of the University of Michigan. They argue that the legislature of the State of Michigan could not waive the governmental immunity of the University of Michigan, as it is a constitutional corporation and not subject to the control of the legislature.
On March 22, 1965, the court of claims ordered a summary judgment of no cause of action, based upon the defendants' previous motion to dismiss.
The decision of this Court could be simplified if we could adopt the plaintiffs' arguments that purchase of automobile liability insurance by the defendant board of regents of the University of Michigan acted to waive governmental immunity of the board of regents to the extent of the insurance coverage. Opinions from the courts of some sister States have adopted such a position. Marshall v. City of Green Bay (1963), 18 Wis.2d 496 ( 118 N.W.2d 715); Schoening v. U.S. Aviation Underwriters, Inc. (1963), 265 Minn. 119 ( 120 N.W.2d 859); Taylor v. Knox County Board of Education (1942) 292 Ky. 767 ( 167 S.W.2d 700, 145 ALR 1333); Marion County v. Cantrell (1933), 166 Tenn. 358 ( 61 S.W.2d 477); Vendrell v. School District # 266 (Oregon) (1961), 226 Or. 263 ( 360 P.2d 282). The Supreme Court of the State of Michigan had the chance to adopt such a position in the opinion of Justice BLACK in Christie v. Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (1961), 364 Mich. 202, but did not adopt such a position. It is noted that Justice BLACK, in the later case of Sayers v. School District # 1 Fractional (1962), 366 Mich. 217, abandoned his former position in the face of the "overwhelming edict" on the part of his fellow Justices on the Supreme Court against his position. This Court cannot, therefore, rule that the board of regents waived governmental immunity by taking out a policy of automobile liability insurance, in view of the recent action on this question by the Supreme Court of the State of Michigan.
We must decide whether the waiver of governmental immunity by the State of Michigan, PA 1961, No 236 §§ 2904, 6475 (CLS 1961, §§ 600.2904, 600.6475, Stat Ann 1962 Rev §§ 27A.2904, 27A.6475), did waive the governmental immunity of the board of regents of the University of Michigan.
The defendants argue that historically, by judicial decisions of the Supreme Court of the State of Michigan, the board of regents of the University of Michigan has not been held subject to the control of the legislature. See Weinberg v. Regents of University of Michigan (1893), 97 Mich. 246; Sterling v. Regents of University of Michigan (1896), 110 Mich. 369 (34 LRA 150); Board of Regents of University of Michigan v. Auditor General (1911), 167 Mich. 444; Robinson v. Washtenaw Circuit Judge (1924), 228 Mich. 225. This Court recognizes the wisdom of establishing a separate governing body of the University of Michigan, free from the political influences that are necessarily a part of a State legislature. This Court recognizes that such independence must be maintained in educational matters in order to provide the highest quality education for the students of Michigan, and in order to maintain the outstanding national reputation of the University.
In spite of its independence, the board of regents remains a part of the government of the State of Michigan. The Supreme Court of the State of Michigan has ruled that the judicial doctrine of governmental immunity no longer exists in Michigan. Justice EDWARDS, in Williams v. City of Detroit (1961), 364 Mich. 231, 250, so ruled, and was concurred in by three other justices. It is clear that the public policy of Michigan is that the defense of governmental immunity to tort actions should no longer exist.
The governing bodies of both the University of Michigan and Michigan State University are equal in both creation and power. In Peters v. Michigan State College (1948), 320 Mich. 243, the Supreme Court, by handing down a split 4-4 decision, affirmed the lower court decision that Michigan State College was not immune from the workmen's compensation act. It is the opinion of this Court that the legislature can validly exercise its police power for the welfare of the people of this State, and a constitutional corporation such as the board of regents of the University of Michigan can lawfully be affected thereby. The University of Michigan is an independent branch of the government of the State of Michigan, but it is not an island. Within the confines of the operation and the allocation of funds of the University, it is supreme. Without these confines, however, there is no reason to allow the regents to use their independence to thwart the clearly established public policy of the people of Michigan.
The decision of the court of claims is reversed and the case remanded to the court of claims for determination upon the merits. No costs are awarded because of the public nature of the questions involved.
T.G. KAVANAGH and J.H. GILLIS, JJ., concurred.