In February 1997, the district court denied the motion. See Brache v. United States, 957 F. Supp. 20 (D.R.I. 1997). The district court assumed that Bailey would apply "retroactively" to a conviction that became final before Bailey — as the Supreme Court later confirmed in Bousley v. United States, 118 S.Ct. 1604, 1609-10 (1998) — but concluded that the evidence warranted Brache's conviction under the "carry" prong of the statute.