In order for Crawford to apply to Jane's statements as Madden contends in this appeal, we must necessarily find that Jane's statements were testimonial. Bishop v. State, 982 So.2d 371, 374 (¶ 10) (Miss.2008). “Only [testimonial] statements ... cause the declarant to be a witness within the meaning of the Confrontation Clause.”
¶ In order for Crawford to apply to Jane's statements as Madden contends in this appeal, we must necessarily find that Jane's statements were testimonial. Bishop v. State, 982 So. 2d 371, 374 (¶ 10) (Miss. 2008). "Only [testimonial] statements . . . cause the declarant to be a witness within the meaning of the Confrontation Clause."
(citation omitted)).See Bishop v. State , 982 So.2d 371, 375 (¶ 16) (Miss. 2008) (noting that the trial judge conducted the required Rule 803(25) hearing outside the presence of the jury).¶ 31. After considering the parties' arguments and applicable caselaw, the circuit court rendered on-the-record factual findings that reflected the court found the girls' testimony credible and reliable.
(citation omitted)).See Bishop v. State , 982 So.2d 371, 375 (¶ 16) (Miss. 2008) (noting that the trial judge conducted the required Rule 803(25) hearing outside the presence of the jury).¶ 31. After considering the parties' arguments and applicable caselaw, the circuit court rendered on-the-record factual findings that reflected the court found the girls' testimony credible and reliable.
Cook v. State, 161 So.3d 1057, 1065 (Miss. 2015) (citing Bishop v. State, 982 So.2d 371, 375 (Miss. 2008)). "[T]his Court will not reverse a trial judge's decision on the admissibility of testimony offered at trial unless prejudice amounting to reversible error resulted from such a decision." Bishop, 982 So.2d at 375 (citing Alexander v. State, 610 So.2d 320, 329 (Miss. 1992)).
¶ 35. Admission of expert testimony is within the sound discretion of the trial court. Bishop v. State , 982 So.2d 371, 380 (Miss. 2008). And here, the trial court considered Dr. Macvaugh and Dr. Cunningham's article when ultimately ruling Dr. Zimmerman's opinion on malingering was reliable.
We find Cook's brief to be unclear about precisely which statements Cook argues were inadmissible. He seems to identify the statements made by S.J. and H.L. to their great-grandmother and the statements made by S.J. to the interviewer at the CEC as the statements which he claims to have been inadmissible under Rule 803(25). He claims that the interviewer employed suggestive techniques to elicit statements from S.J. The standard of review for evidentiary rulings is abuse of discretion. Bishop v. State, 982 So.2d 371, 375 (Miss.2008) (citing Lynch v. State, 877 So.2d 1254, 1281 (Miss.2004) ). “[T]his Court will not reverse a trial judge's decision on the admissibility of testimony offered at trial unless prejudice amounting to reversible error resulted from such a decision.”
We find Cook's brief to be unclear about precisely which statements Cook argues were inadmissible. He seems to identify the statements made by S.J. and H.L. to their great-grandmother and the statements made by S.J. to the interviewer at the CEC as the statements which he claims to have been inadmissible under Rule 803(25). He claims that the interviewer employed suggestive techniques to elicit statements from S.J. The standard of review for evidentiary rulings is abuse of discretion. Bishop v. State, 982 So. 2d 371, 375 (Miss. 2008) (citing Lynch v. State, 877 So. 2d 1254, 1281 (Miss. 2004)).
¶ 12. On appeal, we review errors in the admission of evidence, including expert testimony and demonstrative evidence, for an abuse of discretion. See, e.g., Bishop v. State, 982 So.2d 371, 380 (Miss.2008) (standard of review for expert testimony); Lewis v. State, 725 So.2d 183, 189 (Miss.1998) (standard of review for demonstrativeevidence). Under this standard, we will reverse a trial court's ruling if we find it to be “arbitrary and clearly erroneous.”
Standard of Review and Pertinent Legal Standards ¶12. On appeal, we review errors in the admission of evidence, including expert testimony and demonstrative evidence, for an abuse of discretion. See, e.g., Bishop v. State, 982 So. 2d 371, 380 (Miss. 2008) (standard of review for expert testimony); Lewis v. State, 725 So. 2d 183, 189 (Miss. 1998) (standard of review for demonstrative evidence). Under this standard, we will reverse a trial court's ruling if we find it to be "arbitrary and clearly erroneous."