Summary
remanding with direction that trial court confirm award
Summary of this case from General Accident Ins. Co. v. McGeeOpinion
(8360)
The plaintiff, B Co., Sought to vacate an arbitration award rendered in connection with a dispute with the defendant former employee, D, concerning D's claim that B Co. had breached the terms of his employment contract. B Co. sought to confirm the award in part and to vacate the award in part. The trial court concluded that the arbitrators had exceeded their authority by looking to a letter offering employment to D as well as to the employment contract itself, and rendered judgment confirming the award in part and vacating it in part. On D's appeal to this court and B Co.'s cross appeal, held that the trial court incorrectly limited the scope of the arbitration to the four corners of the employment contract; the broad language of the arbitration clause in the employment contract placed before the arbitrators all contractual disputes including the initial dispute as to the proper scope of the submission to arbitration.
Argued June 5, 1990
Decision released September 4, 1990
Application to vacate an arbitration award, brought to the Superior Court in the judicial district of Hartford-New Britain at Hartford, where the defendant filed motion to confirm the award in part, and to vacate the award in part; thereafter, the matter was tried to the court, Koletsky, J.; judgment confirming the award it part and vacating it in part, from which the defendant appealed and the plaintiff cross appealed to this court. Reversed, in part, on the appeal, judgment directed affirmed on the cross appeal.
Neil Johnson, for the appellant-appellee (defendant)
Jeffrey J. Mirman, with whom, on the brief, was Maura L. Hughes, for the appellee-appellant (plaintiff).
This is an appeal from a judgment of the trial court confirming in part and vacating in part an arbitration award arising out of a dispute over an employment contract. The dispositive issue is whether the arbitrators exceeded their authority under General Statutes 52-418 (a)(4). The trial court concluded that they did. We disagree.
General Statutes 52-418 (a) provides in pertinent part: "Upon the application of any party to an arbitration, the superior court for the judicial district in which one of the parties resides . . . shall make an order vacating the award if it finds any of the following defects . . . (4) if the arbitrators have exceeded their powers or so imperfectly executed them that a mutual, final and definite award upon the subject matter submitted was not made."
The trial court noted the following background facts in its memorandum of decision. On June 6, 1985, the defendant, Joseph D'Arrigo, received a letter from the plaintiff, Bio-Polymers, Inc., containing an offer of employment. The letter provided that Bio-Polymers would make available to D'Arrigo 4000 shares of Bio-Polymers common stock as a "hiring bonus." On June 25, the parties entered into a written one year employment agreement. That agreement did not include any reference to the 4000 shares of stock. The June 25 agreement contained a general arbitration clause, which provided: "In the event of any dispute under this agreement, it shall be resolved through binding arbitration in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association . . . ." In addition, the June 25 agreement contained a clause that read: "This constitutes the entire agreement between the parties. Any modification must be in writing."
D'Arrigo began his employment at Bio-Polymers on July 1, 1985. On January 2, 1986, he was discharged for allegedly poor performance. He brought suit, alleging that Bio-Polymers had breached the employment contract. Upon motion by Bio-Polymers, the court ordered the parties to proceed to arbitration pursuant to the arbitration clause in the employment agreement. Because they were unable to agree on a submission, each party presented its own submission to the panel of three arbitrators, Which convened on several dates in May, June and July, 1988.
The arbitration panel made the following conclusions in its award: (1) the June 6 letter offering employment and the June 25 employment agreement constituted the basis of D'Arrigo's employment; (2) Bio-Polymers' termination of D'Arrigo on January 2, 1986, was improper; (3) as a result of the improper termination D'Arrigo was entitled to receive his salary for the remaining contract period, all employee benefits to which he would otherwise have been entitled, and 4000 shares of Bio-Polymers nonvoting stock, or the cash equivalent, as a "hiring bonus" promised in the offer letter; (4) the parties were to share equally all administrative fees and expenses, as well as all arbitrators' compensation and expenses. Any fees caused by postponements were to be borne by the party requesting the postponement.
Bio-Polymers applied to vacate the award and D'Arrigo moved to confirm the award as to the issues of liability and damages and to vacate the award as to administrative fees and expenses. The trial court vacated that portion of the award granting D'Arrigo the 4000 shares of stock and confirmed the remainder of the award. D'Arrigo appealed and Bio-Polymers cross appealed.
During oral argument, Bio-Polymers challenged the timeliness of D'Arrigo's appeal from the order vacating the award in part. The proper time to challenge the timeliness of an appeal, however, is within the first ten days after the appeal is filed. Otherwise, such objections are deemed to be waived. Practice Book 4066.
The dispositive issue here is whether the trial court correctly found that the arbitrators exceeded their authority under General Statutes 52-418 (a)(4). The court based this finding on the fact that the arbitrators, in determining the conditions of D'Arrigo's employment, looked to the provisions of both the June 6 offering letter and the June 25 employment agreement despite the integration clause in the June 25 employment agreement. Because that agreement was by its terms self-limiting, the trial court concluded, the arbitrators had authority to render a decision based only on the terms stated in that agreement. The court further determined that the only question properly before the arbitrators was whether the employment contract was breached by Bio-Polymers.
We disagree with the portion of the trial court's decision that limited the scope of the arbitration to the four comers of the June 25 contract. The arbitration proceeding in this case was a creature of contract; see Bic Pen Corporation v. Local No. 134, 183 Conn. 579, 583-84, 440 A.2d 774 (1981); and the scope of the arbitration issues was set by the parties in the contract, not after the fact by the trial court. Id. The parties, having provided in the June 25 agreement that "any dispute . . . shall be resolved through binding arbitration," proceeded to dispute the scope of the arbitration. The broad language of the June 25 agreement, however, placed before the arbitrators all contractual disputes, including the initial dispute as to the proper scope of the submission. See College Plaza, Inc. v. Harlaco, Inc., 152 Conn. 707, 708, 206 A.2d 832 (1965). Because the arbitrators were authorized to resolve this initial dispute, their decision is beyond judicial review. O G/O'Connell Joint Venture v. Chase Family Limited Partnership No. 3, 203 Conn. 133, 154-55, 523 A.2d 1271 (1987); see also A. Sangivanni Sons v. F. M. Floryan Co., 158 Conn. 467, 473, 262 A.2d 159 (1969).
General Statutes 52-418 (a) prescribes a very narrow scope of judicial review on appeal from an arbitration award. The trial court, basically, is limited to determining whether the award is procedurally sound. See footnote 1, supra.
The arbitrators determined that the proper scope of the arbitration concerned the entire issue of the termination of D'Arrigo's employment. The arbitrators then determined that both the June 6 offer letter and the June 25 employment agreement "constitute[d] the basis of employment. The offer letter reinforce[d] the employment contract." This was a decision on a legal question. It is of no moment whether the trial court agreed with the arbitrators' legal conclusions; the only issue before the trial court was whether the decision was one the arbitrators were authorized to make. Bic Pen Corporation v. Local No. 184, supra. The arbitration clause in the contract squarely placed this issue before the arbitrators.
The arbitrators cited the broad arbitration clause in the contract as the scope of their authority, and went on to say, "[t]his matter centers around the discharge of the Petitioner by the Respondent, the Respondent's position being that the petitioner breached their employment agreement."