Summary
defining a general contractor as "[s]omeone who contracts for the completion of an entire project, including purchasing all materials, hiring and paying subcontractors, and coordinating all the work."
Summary of this case from 828 Hamilton Inc. v. United Specialty Ins. Co.Opinion
CA 03-01590.
February 11, 2004.
Appeal and cross appeal from an order of the Supreme Court, Onondaga County (John V. Centra, J.), entered March 13, 2003. The order, inter alia, granted in part plaintiff's motion for partial summary judgment on liability under Labor Law § 240 (1).
McANDREW, CONBOY PRISCO, WOODBURY (ROBERT M. ORTIZ OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANTS-APPELLANTS-RESPONDENTS.
ALEXANDER CATALANO, LLC, SYRACUSE (JAMES L. ALEXANDER OF COUNSEL), FOR PLAINTIFF-RESPONDENT-APPELLANT.
LAW OFFICE OF WALTER R. PACER, JR., BUFFALO (MICHAEL R. MENDOLA OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANT-RESPONDENT.
Before: PRESENT: PIGOTT, JR., P.J., WISNER, HURLBUTT, SCUDDER, AND KEHOE, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from be and the same hereby is unanimously modified on the law by denying the cross motion of defendant Network Service Management, Inc. in part, reinstating the Labor Law § 240 (1) claim against it, granting the motion in its entirety, denying that part of the amended cross motion with respect to the common-law negligence cause of action against defendant Old Navy, Inc. and reinstating that cause of action against it and as modified the order is affirmed without costs.
Memorandum: Plaintiff commenced this action to recover damages for injuries he sustained when he fell through an elevated electric sign during the course of his employment as a repairman for the Allied Sign Company, Inc. (Allied). Plaintiff fell through the sign immediately upon removing the side panel and entering the sign to perform an inspection preparatory to necessary repairs. Defendant Tehan's Catalog Showrooms, Inc. (Tehan's) owned the site, and defendant Old Navy, Inc. (Old Navy) leased a store at the site and owned the sign. Defendant Network Service Management, Inc. (Network) is a national management firm that contracts with local repair shops to service electric signs on behalf of its customers, one of which is Old Navy.
Supreme Court properly granted that part of plaintiff's motion seeking partial summary judgment against Tehan's and Old Navy on the issue of liability under Labor Law § 240 (1). Contrary to the contention of Tehan's and Old Navy, the record conclusively establishes that plaintiff was performing an inspection at the time of the accident necessary and incidental to the repair work that Allied had been hired to perform, and thus plaintiff is entitled to the protection of section 240 (1) ( see Caraciolo v. 800 Second Ave. Condominium, 294 A.D.2d 200, 202; Short v. Durez Div.-Hooker Chems. Plastics Corp., 280 A.D.2d 972, 973; Leubner v. McNeil, 261 A.D.2d 777, lv dismissed 93 N.Y.2d 1041; Seguin v. Massena Aluminum Recovery Co., 229 A.D.2d 839; cf. Fabrizio v. City of New York, 306 A.D.2d 87). "[T]he relevant inquiry here is not whether the plaintiff picked up a tool to effect a repair, but whether he was hired to take any part in the repair work" ( Campisi v. Epos Contr. Corp., 299 A.D.2d 4, 8). Allied was engaged here by Network at Old Navy's request to repair the sign on condition that the cost of the repair not exceed $400. Although Network was aware that the sign needed major repairs and that another repair shop had quoted a price of more than $8,000 to fix it, Network did not disclose that information to Allied. Neither Network's work order nor Network's service order contract with Allied indicates that Allied was to provide a repair estimate only. Indeed, plaintiff was aware only that he was on a service call, and he was injured before he had any opportunity to assess the damage to the sign. Thus, this case is distinguishable from Gibson v. Worthington Div. of McGraw-Edison Co. ( 78 N.Y.2d 1108), wherein the injured plaintiff was asked only to supply a repair estimate. It also is distinguishable from Martinez v. City of New York ( 93 N.Y.2d 322), wherein the injured plaintiff was hired only to perform an inspection as a precursor to construction work to be performed by others. "[S]ection 240(1) `is to be construed as liberally as may be for the accomplishment of the purpose for which it was . . . framed'" ( id. at 326, quoting Quigley v. Thatcher, 207 N.Y. 66, 68). We therefore agree with the court that section 240 (1) is applicable to this case.
We disagree with the court, however, that Network has no liability under section 240 (1) as a general contractor, and thus we conclude that the court erred in granting that part of the cross motion of Network seeking summary judgment dismissing the section 240 (1) claim against it. Indeed, we conclude that the court should have granted that part of plaintiff's motion seeking partial summary judgment against Network on the issue of liability under section 240 (1), and we therefore modify the order accordingly.
"[A] general contractor is generally responsible for the coordination and execution of all the work at the worksite" ( Feltt v. Owens, 247 A.D.2d 689, 691). An entity is deemed a general contractor "if it was responsible for coordinating and supervising the . . . project and was invested with a concomitant power to enforce safety standards and to hire responsible contractors" ( Kulaszewski v. Clinton Disposal Servs., 272 A.D.2d 855, 856; see Outwater v. Ballister, 253 A.D.2d 902, 904). General contractors, like owners, are absolutely liable for violations of section 240 (1) ( see Decotes v. Merritt Meridian Corp., 245 A.D.2d 864, 866).
The evidence here conclusively establishes that Network was responsible for the coordination and execution of the sign's repair. Old Navy retained the authority to approve the cost of repairs exceeding a specified dollar amount but it relied upon Network to select the vendor to perform the work. The approval of Old Navy was not required where the cost of repairs was less than the specified amount. Network contracted directly with each of the vendors involved. Each vendor was obligated to abide by the conditions of its contract with Network and was paid directly by Network.
Finally, we agree with plaintiff that the court erred in granting that part of the amended cross motion of Old Navy seeking summary judgment dismissing the common-law negligence cause of action against it, and we therefore further modify the order accordingly. In seeking that relief, "the initial burden was on [Old Navy] to make a prima facie showing of entitlement to judgment as a matter of law by coming forward with competent proof refuting the allegations of the complaint as amplified by the bill of particulars" ( Balnys v. Town of New Baltimore, 160 A.D.2d 1136, 1136). Plaintiff's verified bill of particulars asserts that Old Navy created the unsafe condition that caused the accident, and Old Navy failed to address that assertion on its amended cross motion. The court therefore should have denied that part of the amended cross motion of Old Navy seeking summary judgment dismissing the common-law negligence cause of action against it, "regardless of the sufficiency of the opposing papers" ( Winegrad v. New York Univ. Med. Ctr., 64 N.Y.2d 851, 853; see Rampello v. Ferguson, 280 A.D.2d 986).