Rule 611 - Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence(a) Control by the Court; Purposes. The court must exercise reasonable control over the mode and order of examining witnesses and presenting evidence so as to: (1) make those procedures effective for determining the truth;(2) avoid wasting time; and(3) protect witnesses from harassment or undue embarrassment.(b) Appearance of Parties and Witnesses. The court must exercise reasonable control over the appearance of parties and witnesses so as to: (1) ensure that the fact-finder can see and assess their demeanor; and(2) ensure their accurate identification.(c) Scope of Cross-Examination. A witness may be cross-examined on any matter relevant to any issue in the case, including credibility. But the judge may limit cross-examination regarding matters not testified to on direct examination.(d) Leading Questions. (1) When Allowed. Leading questions should not be used on direct examination except as necessary to develop a witness's testimony. Ordinarily, the court should allow leading questions: (A) on crossexamination; and(B) when a party calls a hostile witness, an adverse party, or a witness identified with an adverse party.(2) Intent to Ask Not Required. It is not necessary to declare the intent to ask leading questions before the questioning begins or before the questioning moves beyond preliminary inquiries.Amended September 20, 2023, effective 1/1/2024.