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granting summary judgment for municipal defendant where evidence of pattern consisted of one man who allegedly sexually harassed two women and where there was no evidence that sexual harassment was otherwise tolerated by or was standard operating procedure of the municipality
Summary of this case from Gonzalez v. Cnty. of MercedOpinion
Case No. 3:11-cv-01061-PK
11-27-2013
DAWN WILSON, Plaintiff, v. STATE OF OREGON, UMATILLA COUNTY, and DEAN GUSHWA and THEODORE KULONGOSKI (in their Individual and Official Capacities), Defendants.
Thomas K. Doyle and Aruna A. Masih, Bennett, Hartman, Morris & Kaplan, LLP, 210 S.W. Morrison St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97204. Attorneys for Plaintiff. Ellen F. Rosenblum, Attorney General, and David L. Kramer, Assistant Attorney General, Department of Justice, 1162 Court Street N.E., Salem, OR 97301. Attorneys for Defendants Kulongoski and the State of Oregon. Kimberlee C. Morrow and Mark C. Sherman, Hart Wagner, LLP, Twentieth Floor, 1000 S.W. Broadway, Potland, Oregon 97205. Attorneys for Defendant Umatilla County.
OPINION AND ORDER ADOPTING
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION
Thomas K. Doyle and Aruna A. Masih, Bennett, Hartman, Morris & Kaplan, LLP, 210 S.W. Morrison St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97204. Attorneys for Plaintiff. Ellen F. Rosenblum, Attorney General, and David L. Kramer, Assistant Attorney General, Department of Justice, 1162 Court Street N.E., Salem, OR 97301. Attorneys for Defendants Kulongoski and the State of Oregon. Kimberlee C. Morrow and Mark C. Sherman, Hart Wagner, LLP, Twentieth Floor, 1000 S.W. Broadway, Potland, Oregon 97205. Attorneys for Defendant Umatilla County.
Michael H. Simon, District Judge.
United States Magistrate Judge Paul Papak issued Findings and Recommendation in this case on August 9, 2013. Dkt. 85. Judge Papak recommended that the State of Oregon's Motion for Summary Judgment (Dkt. 31) be granted as to all claims asserted by Plaintiff and the State of Oregon and Governor Kulongoski be dismissed with prejudice. Judge Papak further recommended that Umatilla County's Motion for Summary Judgment (Dkt. 54) should be denied as to Plaintiff's Title VII and Or. Rev. Stat. § 659A.030 hostile work environment claims and granted with prejudice as to all other claims asserted against Umatilla County.
Plaintiff and Umatilla County both filed objections to Judge Papak's Findings and Recommendation. Dkts. 92, 93. Both parties responded. Dkts. 100, 101. Plaintiff objects to Judge Papak's findings in regard to Claims One, Two, and Three against Umatilla County. Umatilla County objects to Judge Papak's recommendation that the Court deny Umatilla County's Motion for Summary Judgment on Plaintiff's Title VII and Or. Rev. Stat. § 659A.030 hostile work environment claims. After Judge Papak's ruling, the parties filed a stipulated motion to dismiss Defendants Kulongoski and the State of Oregon. Dkt. 102.
STANDARDS FOR REVIEWING FINDINGS AND RECOMENDATION
Under the Federal Magistrates Act ("Act"), the Court may "accept, reject or modify, in whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made by the magistrate." 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). If a party files objections to a magistrate's findings and recommendations, "the court shall make a de novo determination of those portions of the report or specified proposed findings or recommendations to which objection is made." Id.; Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b)(3).
For those portions of a magistrate's findings and recommendations to which neither party has objected, the Act does not prescribe any standard of review. See Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140, 152 (1985) ("There is no indication that Congress, in enacting [the Act], intended to require a district judge to review a magistrate's report[.]"); United States. v. Reyna-Tapia, 328 F.3d 1114, 1121 (9th Cir. 2003) (en banc) (the court must review de novo magistrate's findings and recommendations if objection is made, "but not otherwise"). Although in the absence of objections no review is required, the Act "does not preclude further review by the district judge[] sua sponte . . . under a de novo or any other standard." Thomas, 474 U.S. at 154. Indeed, the Advisory Committee Notes to Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b) recommend that "[w]hen no timely objection is filed," the Court review the magistrate's recommendations for "clear error on the face of the record."
BACKGROUND
The facts of this case are set out in Judge Papak's Findings and Recommendation. Dkt. 85. Briefly, Plaintiff's claims arise from her alleged sexual harassment and assaults by Dean Gushwa, the Umatilla County District Attorney, during Plaintiff's employment at the Umatilla County District Attorney's Office. Plaintiff alleges gender discrimination, hostile work environment, negligent retention, assault, battery, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Plaintiff raises these claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, Title VII, Or. Rev. Stat. § 659A.030, and Oregon common law.
DISCUSSION
A. Plaintiff's Objections
Plaintiff objects to Judge Papak's recommendation to dismiss certain claims against Umatilla County. Specifically, Plaintiff objects to Judge Papak's conclusions that: (1) for purposes of Plaintiff's Equal Protection claim under 42 U.S.C. §1983, Gushwa was not a final policy maker for Umatilla County; (2) for purposes of Plaintiff's gender discrimination claims under Title VII and Or. Rev. Stat. § 659A.030, Gushwa was not an alter-ego of Umatilla County; and (3) for purposes of Plaintiff's retaliation claims, no adverse action was taken against Plaintiff. The Court has reviewed de novo Judge Papak's Findings and Recommendation, as well as the objections and responses submitted by the parties. The Court agrees with Judge Papak's reasoning and conclusions on each of Plaintiff's objections.
B. Umatilla County's Objections
Umatilla County objects to Judge Papak's recommendation that summary judgment not be granted on Plaintiff's Title VII and Or. Rev. Stat. § 659A.030 claims. Umatilla County argues that Gushwa was an elected official not subject to the County's control, and therefore, Gushwa was not an agent of the County for Title VII and Or. Rev. Stat. § 659A.030 liability purposes. Umatilla County relies on Frank v. Harris County, an unpublished Fifth Circuit case for the proposition that an elected official cannot be an agent of a municipality because he or she is not an employee of the municipality. 118 F. App'x 799, 803 (5th Cir. 2004). The Court agrees with Judge Papak's reasoning on this point and finds the Frank case unpersuasive, particularly considering that it does not address when a non-employee elected official can be an agent for a municipality. Although 42 U.S.C. § 2000e(f) exempts "any person elected to public office" from the definition of "employee" under Title VII, Judge Papak's analysis is based on Gushwa's status as an agent. The language of Title II provides broadly for liability for employers and "any agent of such" employer. 42 U.S.C. 2000e(b).
In the alternative, Umatilla County argues that even if Gushwa was an agent for the County, Plaintiff cannot establish that a reasonable woman in Plaintiff's position would have believed that she would be fired if she had ended her sexual contact with Gushwa. This Court agrees with Judge Papak's conclusion that viewing the facts in the light most favorable to the Plaintiff, a reasonable jury could believe that a reasonable woman in Plaintiff's position would have feared that Gushwa would fire her if she rebuffed his sexual advances.
CONCLUSION
The Court ADOPTS Judge Papak's Findings and Recommendation. Dkt. 85. Defendant Umatilla County's Motion for Summary Judgment (Dkt. 54) is denied as to Plaintiff's Title VII and Or. Rev. Stat. § 659A.030 hostile work environment claims (Claims Two and Three), and granted as to all other claims asserted against Umatilla County. Defendants Kulongoski and the State of Oregon are dismissed with prejudice pursuant to the Stipulated Motion to Dismiss. Dkt. 102. Thus, the State of Oregon's Motion for Summary Judgment is denied as moot. Dkt. 31.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
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Michael H. Simon
United States District Judge