Opinion
2015-08-20
In the Matter of Melissa VINCENT, Appellant, v. Louise K. SIRA, Respondent, et al., Respondents. (And Another Related Proceeding.).
Law Offices of James E. Walsh, Ballston Spa (James E. Walsh of counsel), for appellant. James E. Long, Albany, for Louise K. Sira, respondent.
Law Offices of James E. Walsh, Ballston Spa (James E. Walsh of counsel), for appellant. James E. Long, Albany, for Louise K. Sira, respondent.
Before: LAHTINEN, J.P., McCARTHY, GARRY and LYNCH, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
Appeal from an order of the Supreme Court (Muller, J.), entered August 4, 2015 in Fulton County, which, among other things, partially granted petitioner's application, in a proceeding pursuant to Election Law § 16–102, to declare invalid the designating petitions naming respondent Louise K. Sira as the Republican Party and Conservative Party candidate for the public office of County Judge and Surrogate of Fulton County in the September 10, 2015 primary election.
Respondent Louise K. Sira filed designating petitions seeking the Republican Party and Conservative Party nominations for the public office of County Judge and Surrogate of Fulton County in the September 10, 2015 primary election. Petitioner, a citizen objector, commenced a proceeding pursuant to Election Law § 16–102 seeking to declare Sira's designating petitions invalid. Following a hearing, at which Sira stipulated that her Conservative Party designating petition was invalid, Supreme Court, among other things, invalidated that designating petition, but dismissed that part of petitioner's application seeking to invalidate Sira's Republican Party designating petition. Petitioner now appeals.
Initially, we agree with petitioner that, by incorporating the specific objections filed by her with the Fulton County Board of Elections and her summary of those objections in her pleading, she properly pleaded her fraud claims with the requisite specificity in order to provide Sira with adequate notice of the allegations made against her ( seeCPLR 3016[b]; Matter of Haygood v. Hardwick, 110 A.D.3d 931, 931–932, 973 N.Y.S.2d 711 [2013]; LaMarca v. Quirk, 110 A.D.3d 808, 809–810, 973 N.Y.S.2d 254 [2013] ). Turning to the merits, petitioner limits her appeal to her challenges to Sira's Republican Party designating petition on the basis of fraud.
She first contends that, with respect to those signatures on the Republican Party designating petition that Sira herself witnessed as a notary public, because those signatories were not properly sworn ( seeElection Law § 6–132[3] ), the entire petition should be declared invalid on the basis of fraudulent conduct by Sira.
Petitioner does not address that part of her proceeding that sought the invalidation of Sira's Republican Party designating petition due to allegations that certain signatories were not members of the Republican Party and that certain of Sira's subscribing witnesses should not have acted in that role. Accordingly, we deem any challenges in that regard to be abandoned ( see Matter of Arcuri v. Hojnacki, 32 A.D.3d 658, 659–660, 820 N.Y.S.2d 189 [2006], lv. denied7 N.Y.3d 707, 821 N.Y.S.2d 812, 854 N.E.2d 1276 [2006] ).
“A designating petition will be invalidated if the challenger shows, by clear and convincing evidence, that the entire petition is permeated with fraud or that the candidate participated in, or can be charged with knowledge of, fraudulent activity” ( Matter of VanSavage v. Jones, 120 A.D.3d 887, 888, 991 N.Y.S.2d 666 [2014], lv. dismissed23 N.Y.3d 1045, 992 N.Y.S.2d 781, 16 N.E.3d 1260 [2014], lv. denied24 N.Y.3d 901, 2014 WL 4345668 [2014] [internal quotation marks and citation omitted]; see Matter of Kraham v. Rabbitt, 11 A.D.3d 808, 809, 783 N.Y.S.2d 141 [2004] ). Here, although Sira herself attested to 307 signatures on her designating petition as a notary public, which included an affirmation that the signatories had sworn that their statements were true, she admitted at the hearing that she had not administered an oath to the signatories or obtained a statement as to the truth of the matter to which they subscribed as required by Election Law § 6–132(3) ( see Matter of Bonner v. Negron, 87 A.D.3d 737, 738, 929 N.Y.S.2d 170 [2011] ). Sira concedes that those 307 signatures are therefore invalid. However, we are unconvinced that Sira's actions amounted to fraud warranting invalidation of the entire designating petition. Notably, as a registered member of the Republican Party living in Fulton County, Sira was not required to attest to the signatures on her petition as a notary public; rather, Sira could have attested as a witness to the signatures, requiring only an affirmation that the signatories identified themselves as the individuals who signed the petition and that they signed the petition in the presence of the witness ( seeElection Law § 6–132[2] ). Significantly, there is no evidence that Sira did not witness the signatures she attested to or that the signatures were not authentic. Thus, in our view, it has not been established by clear and convincing evidence that, under these circumstances, invalidation of Sira's entire designating petition is warranted on this basis ( see Matter of Bonner v. Negron, 87 A.D.3d at 739–740, 929 N.Y.S.2d 170; Matter of Nolin v. McNally, 87 A.D.3d 804, 805–806, 928 N.Y.S.2d 615 [2011] ).
Petitioner also contends that Sira acted fraudulently by altering certain sheets of the designating petition after the sheets had been signed. Sira testified at the hearing that, after she had distributed petition sheets to the subscribing witnesses, she realized that several of the petition sheets identified the office that she was seeking as “Fulton County Court Judge,” with no reference to the office of Surrogate.
According to Sira, she was able to alert many of the witnesses, who added the words “and Surrogate” to the petition sheets prior to having them signed. Sira admitted, however, that she added the words “and Surrogate” to several petition sheets after the sheets had been signed. She explained that she realized that the title reference on her petition sheets was not complete after reading the Board's guidelines and decided to add the language to the already signed sheets in order to be more accurate. Sira's conduct in adding the language to the signed petition sheets was unauthorized and improper by law ( seeElection Law § 17–122[8] ), and the signatures on those sheets are clearly thereby rendered invalid.
The offices of County Judge and Surrogate are combined in Fulton County, and all functions and duties of the Surrogate are performed by the County Judge ( seeJudiciary Law § 186). There was testimony proffered that the title of the office is County Judge/Surrogate.
Nonetheless, we agree with Supreme Court that petitioner failed to establish by clear and convincing evidence that Sira had acted fraudulently by adding the language to the petition sheets ( see generally Matter of VanSavage v. Jones, 120 A.D.3d at 888, 991 N.Y.S.2d 666; Matter of Ragusa v. Roper, 286 A.D.2d 516, 517, 729 N.Y.S.2d 647 [2001], lv. denied96 N.Y.2d 718, 732 N.Y.S.2d 630, 758 N.E.2d 656 [2001] ). Notably, the addition effected no material change and, again, there was no evidence undermining the accuracy and veracity of the underlying voter signatures.
As the signatures obtained significantly exceeded the number required, this invalidation does not result in disqualification.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed, without costs.