We have no reason to believe that impartial juries will reach more accurate conclusions regarding the presence of aggravating circumstances than did an impartial judge. See Illinois v. Gholston, 772 N.E.2d 880, 886 (Ill. App. Ct. 2002) [*18] (concluding Apprendi is not retroactive and stating it is unlikely a jury would have a "substantially different interpretation of the brutal and heinous nature of the crimes committed than the circuit judge"); see also Bilzerian v. United States, 127 F.3d 237, 241 (2d Cir. 1997) (holding that United States v. Gaudin, 515 U.S. 506, 115 S. Ct. 2310, 132 L. Ed. 2d 444 (1995), which held that materiality is a jury question, is not retroactive); United States v. Shunk, 113 F.3d 31, 37 (5th Cir. 1997) (same).P20 Even if Ring II seriously improved the reliability of a defendant's conviction, the decision still would not apply retroactively to final cases.