Summary
In Uccellini, however, this Court found that no tenancy by the entireties was created because of the failure of the wife to perform her part of the bargain to contribute funds to the tenancy by the entireties.
Summary of this case from Carnevalino EstateOpinion
October 4, 1966.
November 15, 1966.
Husband and wife — Ownership of property — Tenancy by the entireties — Intention of parties.
1. Where it appeared that the husband was the sole owner of his business property and that in the course of the sale and lease of it the wife had her name inserted in the documents of sale (chattel mortgage, judgment note, contract of sale and lease), it was Held that the court below had properly concluded that (1) this did not create a tenancy by the entireties and (2) the wife is not entitled to the proceeds of the sale and lease of the husband's solely owned property.
2. Where there were joint bank accounts in the names of both husband and wife and the court below found that there had been a mutual agreement between the husband and the wife that both would contribute their funds to the joint accounts, but the wife did not perform her part of the agreement and deposited substantial amounts received from the sale of her property in her own bank account, it was Held that the wife's failure to perform her part of the agreement prevented the creation of the tenancy by the entireties in the joint bank accounts.
3. In determining whether there is a tenancy by the entireties the intention of the husband and wife is controlling. [275-6]
Mr. Justice ROBERTS concurred in the result.
Before BELL, C. J., MUSMANNO, JONES, COHEN, EAGEN, O'BRIEN and ROBERTS, JJ.
Appeal, No. 254, March T., 1966, from decree of Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County, Oct. T., 1961, No. 401, in case of Dora Uccellini, also known as Antonette Uccellini v. Emil Uccellini. Decree affirmed.
Equity. Before WESSEL, JR., J.
Adjudication filed dismissing complaint, plaintiff's exceptions dismissed and final decree entered. Plaintiff appealed.
Zeno Fritz, for appellant.
Joseph I. Lewis, for appellee.
Dora Uccellini filed an action in equity against her husband Emil Uccellini for an accounting of certain funds, Dora Uccellini claiming one-half of those funds. Her claim can be treated in two segments, the first of which is that a tenancy by the entireties was created in the proceeds of the sale and lease of husband's business property since her name appeared in all the documents of sale (chattel mortgage, judgment note, contract of sale and lease). The court below held that there could be no presumption of a gift to the wife or creation of tenancy by entireties because of her having her name inserted in the documents of sale; and that, on the contrary, a distinct transaction was required to create such a tenancy. The court in this instance, relied on Trimble v. Reis, 37 Pa. 448, where it was held that, where the property sold was in the wife's name only, a gift to the husband could not be presumed merely from the presence of his name on the deed to the purchaser and mortgage. The Trimble v. Reis decision, was reaffirmed in Bramberry's Estate, 156 Pa. 628, where this court noted that: "If, as in Trimble v. Reis, 37 Pa. 448, and Dexter v. Billings, 110 Pa. 135, the wife alone was entitled to the land, or as in McKinney v. Hamilton, 51 Pa. 63, the mortgage was for purchase money due on a sale by the wife of land she inherited from her father, a different question would be presented."
In Bramberry's Estate, the court had found that the property in question had been purchased jointly by husband and wife. There is no such contention here. We, therefore, see no reason to disturb the conclusion reached by the court below that the wife-plaintiff is not entitled to the proceeds of the sale and lease of the husband's solely owned property.
The second segment of the wife-plaintiff's claim argues that a tenancy by the entireties was impressed on all the funds that had been deposited by the husband in joint bank accounts in the names of both husband and wife. The court below found that, though in this case there was a distinct transaction (the opening of the joint account in both names) which would presumably create a tenancy by the entireties, the intention of the parties would be all-governing. In this respect, the court concluded that there had been a mutual agreement between the husband and the wife that both would contribute their funds to the joint account, but that such mutual performance did not actually occur since the wife deposited substantial amounts received from the sale of her stock and realty in her own account. The wife's explanation (namely, to protect the fund from the government's tax claims against the husband) could not prevail in her behalf since she continued to leave funds so deposited after the tax claim had been settled. Under all the evidence the indications were strong that the wife "never intended to contribute to the joint accounts despite her agreement to do so." The Court below accordingly held that there was no valid creation of a tenancy by the entireties in the joint bank accounts, as such creation was dependent on the wife's performance of her agreement to deposit her funds in the accounts but she failed to so perform.
We believe the court below properly determined that an estate by the entireties was to be created in the joint bank accounts only if there was like performance by the wife. Therefore, the wife was not entitled to claim one-half ownership of the husband's funds which he had deposited in the joint account, while she retained sole ownership of her funds in a separate account, contrary to the agreement whereby the joint account had been set up and the husband's funds had been deposited therein. The Court below found, with evidence to support the finding, that "the plaintiff wrongfully refused to comply with her agreement and a tenancy by the entireties was not created in the bank accounts."
It thus follows that the wife-plaintiff is not entitled to an accounting with regard to the proceeds from the sale and lease of the business properties or with respect to any amounts deposited by the husband in the joint accounts.
Decree affirmed; each party to bear own costs.
Mr. Justice ROBERTS concurs in the result.