Opinion
March 27, 1933.
April 10, 1933.
Wills — Election to take against — Committee of lunatic husband — Discretion of court — Diversion of estate from blood of decedent — Circumstances.
1. The right of a committee in lunacy to elect to take against the will of a deceased spouse is not absolute, but is within the sound discretion of the court in control of the lunatic's estate. [190-91]
2. Such discretion is to be exercised upon consideration of all the circumstances and with a view primarily to the interests and welfare of the lunatic himself, taking into account further that the leaning of the law is in favor of the will, particularly where a taking against it would divert the estate of the deceased from his own blood. [191]
3. A petition of the committee of a lunatic to take against the will will be denied where, under the terms of the will, the lunatic husband received a life estate in the realty, and the balance of the real and personal property was left to an adopted daughter of testatrix, and the lunatic is 86 years old, with little likelihood of his mental restoration, and there is ample income from his estate to take care of his needs, and the income from the life estate bequeathed to him would be greater than the income derived from an election to take against the will. [191]
Before FRAZER, C. J., SIMPSON, KEPHART, SCHAFFER, MAXEY, DREW and LINN, JJ.
Appeal, No. 31, March T., 1933, by Boyd E. Warne, committee of Thomas V. Stockton, a lunatic, from decree of C. P. Washington Co., No. 1482, in equity, in re Thomas V. Stockton, a lunatic. Affirmed.
Petition of committee of lunatic to take against will. Before BROWNSON, P. J., and HUGHES, J.
The opinion of the Supreme Court states the facts.
Petition dismissed. Boyd E. Warne, committee, appealed.
Error assigned was order, quoting record.
Robert H. Meloy, for appellant.
James P. Eagelson, for appellee, was not heard.
Argued March 27, 1933.
Thomas V. Stockton was declared a lunatic by judicial decree in February, 1905. Nettie S. Stockton, his wife, died October 25, 1932, leaving a will dated March 14, 1912. By the terms of the testament the husband received a life estate in her realty; the balance of the real and personal property was left to an adopted daughter of testatrix. Within a year of the death of Mrs. Stockton, the committee of her husband filed a petition asking leave to take against the will. The present appeal is from the refusal of the court to grant the prayer of the petition.
The right of a committee in lunacy to elect to take against the will of a deceased spouse is not absolute, as in the case of a person sui juris, but is within the sound discretion of the court in control of the lunatic's estate: Kennedy v. Johnston, 65 Pa. 451. We agree with the statement of the lower court that this discretion is to be exercised judicially, upon consideration of all the circumstances and with a view primarily to the interests and welfare of the lunatic himself, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages, to him, of taking against the will, and, further, that the leaning of the law is in favor of the will, particularly where a taking against it would divert the estate of the deceased from his own blood: Brooke's Est., 279 Pa. 341.
In the present case the lunatic is 86 years of age and there is little likelihood of his mental restoration, and it appears that, due to judicious management by the committee in lunacy, there is ample income from the husband's estate to take care of his needs. In addition, the income from the life estate bequeathed to him by the will in question would be greater than the income derived from an election to take against the instrument. For these reasons, in our opinion the discretion of the lower court was properly exercised in denying the petition.
The decree of the court below is affirmed at the cost of appellant.