Opinion
No. 27,607.
Filed November 3, 1941.
1. HABEAS CORPUS — Purpose of Writ — Inquiry Into Cause of Restraint. — The purpose of the writ of habeas corpus is to bring the person in custody before the court for inquiry into the cause of restraint. p. 113.
2. HABEAS CORPUS — Proceedings Reviewable — Final Judgment of Commitment — Lack of Jurisdiction to Inquire Into Validity. — Where it appeared from relator's petition for writ of habeas corpus that he was held upon process issued upon a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction, the court wherein the petition was filed had no jurisdiction to inquire into the legality of the judgment or process whereby relator was held, hence it had no jurisdiction to issue a writ commanding the warden to bring the prisoner into court for the purpose of inquiry. p. 113.
3. HABEAS CORPUS — Jurisdiction — Duty of Court Where Want of Jurisdiction Clearly Appears. — Where want of jurisdiction of the court to act upon a petition for writ of habeas corpus clearly appears upon the face of the petition, the only action that the court has jurisdiction to take is to dismiss the petition. p. 113.
Original action in the Supreme Court for a writ of mandate.
Petition by the State of Indiana, on the relation of Martin O'Leary, against Russell W. Smith, as regular judge of the LaPorte Superior Court, seeking a writ of mandate requiring the issuing of a writ of habeas corpus and an inquiry into the legality of relator's restraint by the warden of the State Prison.
Petition denied.
Martin O'Leary, of Michigan City, pro se.
By this petition, the relator seeks a mandate against the respondent requiring the issuing of a writ of habeas corpus, and an inquiry into the legality of his restraint by the warden of the State Prison at Michigan City. The petition for the writ of habeas corpus is made an exhibit to the petition here. It appears upon its face that he is confined in the State Prison at Michigan City upon a commitment issued by the Franklin Circuit Court of Indiana, a court of general criminal jurisdiction, upon a judgment regular upon its face. He alleges that he filed his petition, and the respondent court has failed and refused to act upon it.
Section 3-1901, Burns' 1933, § 1020, Baldwin's 1934, provides: "Every person restrained of his liberty, under any pretense whatever, may prosecute a writ of habeas corpus, to inquire into the cause of the restraint, and shall be delivered therefrom when illegal." Section 3-1918, Burns' 1933, § 1033, Baldwin's 1934, provides: "No court or judge shall inquire into the legality of any judgment or process whereby the party is in custody, or discharge him when the term of commitment has not expired, in either of the cases following: . . . Second. Upon any process issued on any final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction."
The purpose of the writ of habeas corpus is to bring the person in custody before the court for inquiry into the cause of restraint. But it is clear that under the statute the 1-3. respondent has no jurisdiction to inquire into the legality of the judgment or process whereby the relator is held, since it appears by relator's petition in the court below that he is held upon process issued upon a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction. It has been repeatedly held that the court has no jurisdiction to proceed further after it appears that the petitioner is held pursuant to such a valid writ and judgment.
Since the respondent has no jurisdiction to inquire into the custody, there is no jurisdiction to issue a writ commanding the warden of the prison to bring the prisoner into court for the purpose of inquiry.
The relator complains because the respondent has taken no action upon his petition. The only action that the respondent has jurisdiction to take is to dismiss the petition, since want of jurisdiction to act under it clearly appears upon its face.
The petition for mandate is denied.
NOTE. — Reported in 37 N.E.2d 60.