Opinion
November 15, 1990
Appeal from the Supreme Court, St. Lawrence County (Duskas, J.).
Plaintiffs brought this action to recover for injuries suffered by their daughter, Yvonne Snyder, while playing a coeducational touch football game in gym class. Plaintiffs allege that defendant was negligent, inter alia, in conducting the activity outside during inclement weather and on a wet, muddy playing field, and in directing a game where the boys were quicker, stronger and of different weight than the girls. By stipulation of the parties, the action was tried before Supreme Court without a jury. At the conclusion of the trial, Supreme Court granted judgment in favor of defendant dismissing the complaint. Plaintiffs appeal.
We affirm. It is well settled that a school district has a duty to "exercise the same degree of care toward its students as would a reasonably prudent parent under comparable circumstances" (Rodriguez v. Board of Educ., 104 A.D.2d 978, 979), to adequately supervise athletic activities (James v. Gloversville Enlarged School Dist., 155 A.D.2d 811, 812) and to assign pupils to exercises which are within their abilities (Brooks v. Board of Educ., 12 N.Y.2d 971, 973 [Scileppi, J., dissenting]). Here, Snyder testified, and Supreme Court properly found, that in the course of the game she lost her footing when she turned to tag an opposing ball carrier. As she fell, or immediately after her fall, one of her own teammates, also in pursuit of the opposing player, stepped on her left instep, causing the twisting injury to her knee which forms the basis for this action.
There is ample support in the record for Supreme Court's finding that the field was wet from a previous day's rain, and it may well be that this condition contributed to Snyder's slip. However, we find no basis for imposing liability upon defendant for directing an eighth grade gym class in a game of touch football on a wet or damp playing field (see, Sauer v. Hebrew Inst., 17 A.D.2d 245, affd. 13 N.Y.2d 913; cf., Greaves v. Bronx Y.M.C.A., 87 A.D.2d 394, appeal dismissed 58 N.Y.2d 780), either as an evaluation of the facts of the case or as a matter of law. Were we to hold otherwise, school districts would be precluded from utilizing their playing fields during, and for a period of time following, each and every rain and, in fact, until each morning's dew evaporated (see, Sauer v. Hebrew Inst., supra, at 246).
Giving due regard to Supreme Court's assessment of the evidence and the credibility of the witnesses in this nonjury trial (see, Arnold v. State of New York, 108 A.D.2d 1021, 1023, appeal dismissed 65 N.Y.2d 723), we conclude, as did Supreme Court, that defendant did not breach its duty of care by conducting the gym class outside on this occasion and in directing a coeducational game of touch football. It is worth noting that the regulations of the Commissioner of Education do not prohibit coeducational physical education classes and, in fact, permit male and female students to participate on the same interschool football team under certain circumstances (see, 8 NYCRR 135.4 [c] [7] [ii] [c]). Moreover, in view of the fact that Snyder did not fall as the result of contact with another player, we discern no causal relationship between Snyder's injuries and the participation of male players. Finally, there is no competent evidence in the record to support the contention that a failure to perform calisthenics or other warm-up exercises, or the gym teacher's action in moving Snyder's leg or in permitting her to walk to the school nurse's office, contributed to the injury.
Judgment affirmed, without costs. Mahoney, P.J., Casey, Weiss, Yesawich, Jr., and Mercure, JJ., concur.