Opinion
May 3, 1994
Appeal from the Supreme Court, New York County (Diane A. Lebedeff, J.).
A fire at defendant's South Street Seaport substation in August 1990 resulted in a power blackout in the area, forcing plaintiff to shut down its restaurant establishment, the Bridge Cafe, for seven days. Alleging gross negligence, plaintiff sued for property damage and lost business revenue. Specifically, the enumerated losses included $3,737 for perishables, $1,500 for damaged equipment, nearly $19,000 for lost profits (estimated at 69% of expected average gross income for the period), and $1,500 for a lost movie opportunity that would have utilized the front of the building.
Generally, economic loss from business interruption is not recoverable in damages where the claim is based upon lost profits, revenues or labor productivity which are "speculative" in nature (Koch v. Consolidated Edison Co., 62 N.Y.2d 548, 561, cert denied 469 U.S. 1210; Grow Tunneling Corp. v. Consolidated Edison Co., 157 A.D.2d 452; Kirsch Beverage Corp. v. Consolidated Edison Co., 130 A.D.2d 718). But this does not negate the possibility that in a given situation of gross negligence, proof of lost profits might very well be certain and specific enough to warrant recovery in damages (Milliken Co. v. City of New York, 199 A.D.2d 75; see, Koch v. Consolidated Edison Co., 62 N.Y.2d, supra, at 562, n 9). The burden of establishing such a claim with certainty is a heavy one, and depends in part upon whether the missed revenue is merely delayed, or permanently lost (see, Dunlop Tire Rubber Corp. v. FMC Corp., 53 A.D.2d 150, 154-156). Such service industry proprietors as hoteliers and restaurateurs are particularly vulnerable to revenue losses, due to unexpected closure, which cannot be made up at a later date (see, e.g., Turner v. Reynolds, 271 App. Div. 413, lv denied 296 N.Y. 1062). In the case of a restaurant which has been a going concern in the area for 13 years, the prospect of establishing a basis for at least some lost revenue over a given one-week period is not so speculative that the claim should have been dismissed on a motion for summary judgment.
In contrast is plaintiff's claim of lost revenue in connection with the missed motion picture opportunity. That prospect was uncertain and speculative, and thus falls within the general rule of nonrecoverability (Grow Tunneling Corp. v. Consolidated Edison Co., supra).
Concur — Sullivan, J.P., Wallach, Rubin and Nardelli, JJ.