Summary
holding a notice of claim "must at least adequately apprise the defendant that the claimant would seek to impose liability under a cognizable theory of recovery" and dismissing negligence cause of action where notice of claim did not assert theory of liability alleged in complaint
Summary of this case from Nolan v. Cnty. of ErieOpinion
2018–13161 Index No. 14482/15
10-23-2019
Beth RUBENSTEIN, Appellant, v. CITY OF NEW YORK, Respondent.
Jonah Grossman (Lawrence B. Lame, Rego Park, NY, of counsel), for appellant. Georgia M. Pestana, Acting Corporation Counsel, New York, N.Y. (Fay Ng and D. Alan Rosinus, Jr., of counsel), for respondent.
Jonah Grossman (Lawrence B. Lame, Rego Park, NY, of counsel), for appellant.
Georgia M. Pestana, Acting Corporation Counsel, New York, N.Y. (Fay Ng and D. Alan Rosinus, Jr., of counsel), for respondent.
CHERYL E. CHAMBERS, J.P., SHERI S. ROMAN, JEFFREY A. COHEN, COLLEEN D. DUFFY, JJ.
DECISION & ORDER In an action to recover damages for personal injuries, the plaintiff appeals from an order of the Supreme Court, Queens County (Kevin J. Kerrigan, J.), entered September 10, 2018. The order granted the defendant's motion, in effect, for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed, with costs.
On January 6, 2015, the plaintiff allegedly slipped and fell on ice on a pedestrian ramp leading from the sidewalk into a roadway in Forest Hills. In her notice of claim dated April 1, 2015, the plaintiff alleged that she "slipped and fell as a result of an ice condition," and that "the ice was covered by freshly fallen thin layer of snow." At a hearing held pursuant to General Municipal Law § 50–h, the plaintiff testified that it had been snowing lightly for approximately an hour before the accident, and that there was a "dusting" of snow on the ramp at the time of her fall.
The plaintiff thereafter commenced this personal injury action against the defendant, City of New York. The complaint alleged that the icy condition on which the plaintiff fell was caused by "a backup of water from the closest sewer which flooded the pedestrian ramp," that the "sewer backup ... was known to occur with regularity," and that the City was negligent in failing to repair the allegedly defective condition. The City subsequently moved, in effect, for summary judgment dismissing the complaint on the ground that the complaint alleged a different theory of liability than the notice of claim and, thus, did not comply with General Municipal Law § 50–e. The Supreme Court granted the motion, and the plaintiff appeals.
"A notice of claim which, inter alia, sufficiently identifies the claimant, states the nature of the claim and describes the time when, the place where, and the manner in which the claim arose, is a condition precedent to asserting a tort claim against a municipality" ( Steins v. Incorporated Vil. of Garden City, 127 A.D.3d 957, 959, 7 N.Y.S.3d 419 ; see General Municipal Law § 50–e[1][a] ; Brown v. City of New York, 95 N.Y.2d 389, 392–393, 718 N.Y.S.2d 4, 740 N.E.2d 1078 ; O'Brien v. City of Syracuse, 54 N.Y.2d 353, 358, 445 N.Y.S.2d 687, 429 N.E.2d 1158 ). Although "the statute does not require ‘those things to be stated with literal nicety or exactness’ " ( Brown v. City of New York, 95 N.Y.2d at 393, 718 N.Y.S.2d 4, 740 N.E.2d 1078, quoting Purdy v. City of New York, 193 N.Y. 521, 523, 86 N.E. 560 ), a notice of claim must provide " ‘information sufficient to enable the city to investigate’ " ( Brown v. City of New York, 95 N.Y.2d at 393, 718 N.Y.S.2d 4, 740 N.E.2d 1078, quoting O'Brien v. City of Syracuse, 54 N.Y.2d at 358, 445 N.Y.S.2d 687, 429 N.E.2d 1158 ) and "must at least adequately apprise the defendant that the claimant would seek to impose liability under a cognizable theory of recovery" ( Steins v. Incorporated Vil. of Garden City, 127 A.D.3d at 959, 7 N.Y.S.3d 419 ). A plaintiff may not later add a new theory of liability that was not included in the notice of claim (see id.; Ana R. v. New York City Hous. Auth., 95 A.D.3d 981, 982, 943 N.Y.S.2d 765 ; Semprini v. Village of Southampton, 48 A.D.3d 543, 544, 852 N.Y.S.2d 208 ).
Here, the City established its prima facie entitlement to summary judgment dismissing the complaint by submitting evidence that the notice of claim contained no allegation that the City caused or created the icy condition where the accident occurred by negligently maintaining a nearby sewer and failing to repair an alleged "recurring flooding condition from the sewer backup" (see O'Brien v. City of Syracuse, 54 N.Y.2d at 358, 445 N.Y.S.2d 687, 429 N.E.2d 1158 ; Steins v. Incorporated Vil. of Garden City, 127 A.D.3d at 959, 7 N.Y.S.3d 419 ; Tully v. City of Glen Cove, 102 A.D.3d 670, 671, 957 N.Y.S.2d 719 ; Ana R. v. New York City Hous. Auth., 95 A.D.3d at 982, 943 N.Y.S.2d 765 ; Semprini v. Village of Southampton, 48 A.D.3d at 544, 852 N.Y.S.2d 208 ; cf. Puello v. New York City Hous. Auth., 150 A.D.3d 1164, 55 N.Y.S.3d 355 ). In opposition, the plaintiff failed to raise a triable issue of fact (see Alvarez v. Prospect Hosp., 68 N.Y.2d 320, 508 N.Y.S.2d 923, 501 N.E.2d 572 ).
The plaintiff's remaining contentions are without merit.
Accordingly, we agree with the Supreme Court's determination to grant the City's motion, in effect, for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.
CHAMBERS, J.P., ROMAN, COHEN and DUFFY, JJ., concur.