Opinion
02-24-2016
The PEOPLE, etc., respondent, v. George VILLANUEVA, appellant.
Stephen N. Preziosi, New York, N.Y., for appellant. Kenneth P. Thompson, District Attorney, Brooklyn, N.Y. (Leonard Joblove and Morgan J. Dennehy of counsel), for respondent.
Stephen N. Preziosi, New York, N.Y., for appellant.
Kenneth P. Thompson, District Attorney, Brooklyn, N.Y. (Leonard Joblove and Morgan J. Dennehy of counsel), for respondent.
RUTH C. BALKIN, J.P., L. PRISCILLA HALL, SHERI S. ROMAN, and JOSEPH J. MALTESE, JJ.
Appeal by the defendant from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Firetog, J.), rendered May 23, 2012, convicting him of aggravated manslaughter in the first degree and aggravated criminal contempt, upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence.
ORDERED that the judgment is modified, on the facts, by reducing the defendant's conviction of aggravated manslaughter in the first degree to aggravated manslaughter in the second degree, and vacating the sentence imposed thereon; as so modified, the judgment is affirmed, and the matter is remitted to the Supreme Court, Kings County, for sentencing on the conviction of aggravated manslaughter in the second degree.
To the extent the defendant contends that the People did not present legally sufficient evidence that the defendant intended to cause serious physical injury to the victim, that argument is unpreserved for appellate review because the defendant failed to move for a trial order of dismissal on the basis of that specific claim (see People v. Hawkins, 11 N.Y.3d 484, 872 N.Y.S.2d 395, 900 N.E.2d 946 ; People v. Lewis, 96 A.D.3d 878, 946 N.Y.S.2d 206 ). In any event, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the People, we find that the evidence was legally sufficient to establish, beyond a reasonable doubt, the defendant's guilt of aggravated manslaughter in the first degree (see People v. Leak, 129 A.D.3d 745, 11 N.Y.S.3d 209 ; People v. Pickens, 60 A.D.3d 699, 874 N.Y.S.2d 570 ).
However, in fulfilling our responsibility to conduct an independent review of the weight of the evidence (see CPL 470.15[5] ; People v. Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d 342, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1 ), we find that the defendant's conviction of aggravated manslaughter in the first degree was against the weight of the evidence (see People v. Santiago, 97 A.D.3d 704, 949 N.Y.S.2d 78, affd. 22 N.Y.3d 740, 986 N.Y.S.2d 375, 9 N.E.3d 870 ; People v. Haney, 85 A.D.3d 816, 924 N.Y.S.2d 563 ; People v. Pickens, 60 A.D.3d 699, 874 N.Y.S.2d 570 ). The evidence, when properly weighed, did not prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the defendant intended to seriously injure the victim (see Penal Law § 125.22 ). Rather, the evidence supports a finding that the victim's fatal head wound was recklessly caused by the defendant in the midst of a struggle (see People v. Haney, 85 A.D.3d 816, 924 N.Y.S.2d 563 ; People v. Pickens, 60 A.D.3d 699, 874 N.Y.S.2d 570 ). Accordingly, we modify the judgment by reducing the conviction of aggravated manslaughter in the first degree to aggravated manslaughter in the second degree (see CPL 470.15[5] ), and remit the matter to the Supreme Court, Kings County, for sentencing on the conviction of aggravated manslaughter in the second degree.
The defendant's contention regarding the introduction into evidence of prior statements used by the prosecution to impeach its own witness is largely unpreserved for appellate review (see People v. Harris, 112 A.D.3d 738, 976 N.Y.S.2d 217 ; People v. Jones, 25 A.D.3d 724, 811 N.Y.S.2d 702 ; People v. Solomon, 16 A.D.3d 701, 794 N.Y.S.2d 55 ). In any event, any error was harmless, as the evidence of the defendant's guilt of the lesser-included offense of aggravated manslaughter in the second degree and aggravated criminal contempt was overwhelming, and there is no significant probability that any error affected the outcome with respect to these two crimes (see People v. Kirksey, 107 A.D.3d 825, 966 N.Y.S.2d 682 ; People v. Solomon, 16 A.D.3d 701, 794 N.Y.S.2d 55 ). The defendant's contention regarding the admission of evidence of certain prior uncharged crimes is unpreserved for appellate review and, in any event, without merit (see People v. McFarlane, 106 A.D.3d 836, 964 N.Y.S.2d 626 ; People v. Sanchez, 73 A.D.3d 1093, 900 N.Y.S.2d 679 ; People v. Laverpool, 52 A.D.3d 622, 860 N.Y.S.2d 565 ).