Opinion
2012-12-6
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Dhimitric MORRIS, Appellant.
James P. Milstein, Public Defender, Albany (Theresa M. Suozzi of counsel), for appellant. P. David Soares, District Attorney, Albany (Christopher J. Torelli of counsel), for respondent.
James P. Milstein, Public Defender, Albany (Theresa M. Suozzi of counsel), for appellant. P. David Soares, District Attorney, Albany (Christopher J. Torelli of counsel), for respondent.
Before: MERCURE, J.P., ROSE, LAHTINEN, McCARTHY and EGAN JR., JJ.
ROSE, J.
Appeal from a judgment of the County Court of Albany County (Breslin, J.), rendered August 26, 2010, upon a verdict convicting defendant of the crime of criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree.
Defendant was charged with criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree after allegedly selling crack cocaine to a confidential informant (hereinafter CI). County Court held a Sandoval hearing and ruled that the People could cross-examine defendant regarding, among other things, his prior conviction for criminal possession of a loaded firearm in the third degree. At the ensuing jury trial, defendant did not testify, and he was convicted as charged. County Court sentenced him, as a second felony offender, to 10 years in prison and three years of postrelease supervision.
Although defendant contends that his conviction was against the weight of the evidence, he did not dispute that crack cocaine was recovered from the CI and that she testified to having purchased it from him. While defendant made substantial efforts to call the CI's version of events into question, a police detective who observed the transaction largely corroborated her account. The jury chose to credit that testimony in finding that defendant had “knowingly and unlawfully [sold] a narcotic drug” (Penal Law § 220.39 [1] ). Viewing the evidence in a neutral light and deferring to the jury's credibility determinations, we find that the jury gave the evidence the weight it should be accorded ( see People v. Edwards, 96 A.D.3d 1089, 1091, 946 N.Y.S.2d 269 [2012],19 N.Y.3d 1102, 955 N.Y.S.2d 557, 979 N.E.2d 818 [2012]; People v. Wilson, 78 A.D.3d 1213, 1216, 910 N.Y.S.2d 276 [2010],lv. denied16 N.Y.3d 747, 917 N.Y.S.2d 628, 942 N.E.2d 1053 [2011];People v. Morris, 25 A.D.3d 915, 918, 807 N.Y.S.2d 228 [2006],lvs. denied6 N.Y.3d 851, 853, 816 N.Y.S.2d 757, 759, 849 N.E.2d 980, 982 [2006] ).
We also find that County Court struck an appropriate balance in its Sandoval ruling. The court barred inquiry into defendant's misdemeanor convictions and limited the inquiry into his numerous drug-related felony convictions. While the People were permitted to fully inquire into defendant's 1997 conviction for criminal possession of a loaded firearm, that conviction was “material and relevant to the issue of the defendant's credibility” ( People v. Severino, 243 A.D.2d 737, 738, 665 N.Y.S.2d 304 [1997],lv. denied91 N.Y.2d 880, 668 N.Y.S.2d 578, 691 N.E.2d 650 [1997];see People v. Rogers, 163 A.D.2d 157, 158, 557 N.Y.S.2d 375 [1990],lv. denied76 N.Y.2d 943, 563 N.Y.S.2d 72, 564 N.E.2d 682 [1990] ). Further, the age or remoteness of a conviction is of less importance where, as here, defendant was incarcerated for a significant portion of the intervening years ( see People v. Woodard, 93 A.D.3d 944, 946, 939 N.Y.S.2d 648 [2012];People v. Wilson, 78 A.D.3d at 1216, 910 N.Y.S.2d 276).
Nor can we agree with defendant's assertion that he received the ineffective assistance of counsel. His counsel persistently advanced the defense that defendant had not sold the drugs, relying upon the lack of any physical or documentary evidence tying defendant to the crime, as well as the CI's alleged lack of credibility, her opportunity to secrete drugs on her person and her interaction with other individuals before the alleged transaction took place. Counsel's decision to argue that the CI had purchased the cocaine from another drug dealer and not from defendant, rather than dwell on the chain of custody or discrepancies in the reported weight of the cocaine, was a supportable tactical decision-particularly as weight was not an element of the offense charged ( seePenal Law § 220.39[1]; People. v. Brown, 44 A.D.3d 965, 966, 844 N.Y.S.2d 110 [2007],lv. denied9 N.Y.3d 1031, 852 N.Y.S.2d 17, 881 N.E.2d 1204 [2008];People v. Alexander, 255 A.D.2d 708, 709, 681 N.Y.S.2d 109 [1998],lv. denied93 N.Y.2d 897, 689 N.Y.S.2d 709, 711 N.E.2d 985 [1999] ). Further, our review of the record discloses no support for defendant's speculation that the CI was shown more than one photo array, and counsel thoroughly cross-examined her regarding her ability to identify defendant from the array. Indeed, counsel made numerous objections, vigorously cross-examined witnesses and plausibly contended that defendant had not sold the drugs. When viewed in the totality of the circumstances here, we find that defendant received meaningful representation ( see People v. Phillips, 96 A.D.3d 1154, 1156, 946 N.Y.S.2d 668 [2012],lv. denied19 N.Y.3d 1000, 951 N.Y.S.2d 476, 975 N.E.2d 922 [2012];People v. Kuforiji, 88 A.D.3d 1165, 1166, 931 N.Y.S.2d 433 [2011] ).
We have examined defendant's remaining contentions, including his claim that the sentence imposed was harsh and excessive, and find them to be without merit.
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed.